Cognitive psychology - seeing space

?
View mindmap
  • Seeing space: learned or innate?
    • Most probably learned, but at what age?
      • There are difficulties of detecting infants responses
      • Gross movement e.g. reaching
      • Physiological measures
      • Habituation/ preferential learning
    • Movement
      • A basic finding from depth studies.
        • Gibson and Walk (1950s-60s) - "Visual Cliff"
          • 10 month old won't cross a "visual cliff", and even babies as young as 1 month can perceive depth.
    • Habituation/ preferential viewing
      • Get the baby bored with the stimulus, it looks away.
        • Change the stimulus
          • If the change surprises the baby then it will look again
            • If the baby shows no interest, then it hasn't recognised the change.
    • Age?
      • Occlusion
        • Habituate the infant to a video of a short rod moving behind a block. Now show them either a) the complete rod, without the block in front of it; or b) what could have been the 'rod', but actually it's just two ends without a middle. If the baby thought the original stimulus array was a complete rod, if they show surprise then they have gestalt. They use occlusion as early as 4 months.
      • Object permanece
      • Shape constancy
        • Show babies a model head of normal size, say 2 meters away. It throws an image of a certain size on their retina. Get them 'habituated' (bored) with it. Now Bring it closer. Do they show any surprise? Now replace it with an identical head which is much smaller, but put it close to them where it would form exactly the same size of image on their retina. If they show surprise, they have shape constancy.
      • Object form
      • Because infants can't tell you what they see, psychologists have come up with experiments, relying either on babies gross behaviour or their habituation.
    • Depth
      • Looming - 4 weeks
      • Binocular disparity - 16 weeks
      • Occlusion - 5 months
      • Perspective - 5+ months
      • Texture/shading - 5+ months
    • Because infants can't tell you what they see, psychologists have come up with experiments, relying either on babies gross behaviour or their habituation.

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Psychology resources:

See all Psychology resources »See all Visual System resources »