Schizophrenia: psychological explanations
- Created by: yes.thisismyname
- Created on: 18-03-20 11:20
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- Psychological explanations
- Family dysfunction
- Schizophrenogenic mother
- Fromm-Reichmann (1948)
- Schizophrenia causing mother, categorised by being cold, rejecting and controlling.
- Leads to distrust that later develops into delusions
- Double-bind theory
- Bateson et al (1972)
- When a child is trapped in a family where mixed signals are sent on what is wrong or right
- When the child gets it wrong (often) they are punished with the withdrawal of love
- Leads to seeing world as dangerous and confusing, later into delusions.
- Expressed emoion
- The level of emotion expressed towards the patient
- Contains several elements
- Verbal criticisms
- Hostility towards sufferer
- Emotional over involvement in their life
- Source of stress for the patient, could cause relapse
- Also seen as a trigger with the diathesis-stress model
- Schizophrenogenic mother
- Cognitive explanations
- Abnormal thought processes that can be linked to the origin of schizophrenia
- Frith et al (1992)
- Metarepresentaion
- ability to reflect on thoughts and actions as their own but as someone esle's
- Explanation for auditory hallucinations
- Central control
- the ability to suppress automatic responses
- Explains speech poverty
- Abnormal thought processes that can be linked to the origin of schizophrenia
- Evaluation
- Support for family dysfunction
- Read et al (2005)
- Studied 46 cases of child abuse
- 69% of adult women in-patients had a history of physical and/or sexual abuse in childhood (59% for men)
- Adults with insecure attachments are also more likely to develop schizophrenia
- Lots of evidence for a link between family dysfunction and SZ
- Validity issue as it was reported by the schizophrenic patients where delusions may be an issue
- Read et al (2005)
- Weak evidence for family based explanations
- Lots for dysfunction but little for schizophrenogenic mother or double bind
- Both theories are based on observation of patients and are products of their time as they as they try to assess the mother for crazy-making characteristics
- Harrington (2012)
- Leads to parent blaming
- Parents are forced to bare the guilt of causing their child to suffer
- Strong evidence for dysfunctional processing
- Stirling et al (2006)
- Compared 30 pateints with 18 controls using cognitive tasks like the stroop test
- Stroop test: name the colour the word is written in not the word itself
- Patients took twice as long to name the ink colours
- Compared 30 pateints with 18 controls using cognitive tasks like the stroop test
- links between symptoms and processing is clear but don't explain the origins
- Can show proximal causes (current symptoms) not distal causes (origins)
- Stirling et al (2006)
- Support for family dysfunction
- Family dysfunction
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