Stalin and the USSR

Mindmap for Stalins rule of Russia, control, 5 year plans, collectivisation and GOSPLAN

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  • Stalin and the USSR
    • 5 Year plans
      • 1st 5 year plan 1928-1932
        • Focused on heavy industry
          • Coal, Iron, oil etc
        • Targets set by Gosplan
          • Most targets not met
        • Whole cities built to exploit natural resources
          • Magnitogorsk- Siberia. Huge steel city
      • 2nd five year plan 1933-1937
        • Heavy industry still key
          • Also focused on electricity
        • Transport & communications boosted
          • Canals, railways &Moscow underground built
        • Tractors and agricultural machinery increased
      • 3rd five year plan 1938-1941
        • Originally meant for luxury, consumer goods
          • Weapons when Germany invaded
          • Interrupted by WW2
    • GOSPLAN
      • Set up in 1921 by Lenin
      • Set overall targets for an industry
        • Each region told its targets
          • Region set  targets for each mine/ factory
            • Manager of each mine/ factory sets targets for each foreman
              • Foreman sets targets for each shift and person
      • Target setters
      • Targets unrealistic and ambitious
        • Factory managers often lied about output to reach targets
          • National statistics not reliable due to this
    • Control
      • Purges
        • 1/3 army officers murdered
        • Anyone  considered a threat purged
          • Most important people purged
        • 1938- 8 million people in Gulags
        • Show trials
        • People  bitched personal enemies in
      • Cult of Stalin
        • History rewritten around Lenin and Stalin
          • Learnt about in schools
          • History books left out Stalins enemies
        • Propaganda made Stalin look like a father figure
          • "Father of  the people"
        • Distanced himself from Purges
        • People believed in him
      • Secret police
        • NKVD
        • Arrested people in the night
        • Tortured and threatened suspects
    • Kulaks and Collectivisation
      • Collectivisation
        • Introduced in 1929 (optional)
          • Soon became compulsory
          • Offered incentives, still not popular
        • Intended to
          • Reinstate communism in Agriculture
          • Make efficient use of tractors and fertilisers
          • Increase production to fuel 5 year plans
        • Asked to grow production materials rather than food
          • Couldn't feed families
        • Unpopular
          • Peasants didn't like giving up heritage
            • Or communist leader controlling land
      • Kulaks
        • wealthy under NEP
        • Didn't want to give up wealth
          • Many burnt crops
        • Refused to give up land and livestock
          • Arrested
            • Gulags
          • Burnt and slaughtered stock rather than give it up
            • Caused famine

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