Russia 1914-24: Tsar Nicholas II
- Created by: ebough
- Created on: 08-04-14 15:42
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- Russia 1914-24: Tsar Nicholas II
- Why was Russia so hard to govern?
- Social Problems
- only nobles had a say in how it was run
- the class system led to an unfair and unequal governing
- Type of Government
- only Russians were appointed officials
- The size of Russia led to poor links in government
- Geographic + Ethnic Issues
- Size of country
- Nicholas II hated Jews
- Extreme weather = harvest failures
- Social Problems
- Opposition to the Tsar
- Liberals
- Freedom of speech and elections
- NO chance of dictatorship
- Anyone can reach power
- (through manipulation)
- Freedom of speech and elections
- The Kadets
- Introduces equal rights and limits power of Tsar
- Main support from middle-class which is a small group
- Social Revolutionaries
- wanted to return the land to who worked on it
- strongly supported by peasants
- They reinforced their opinions through violence
- wanted to return the land to who worked on it
- Mensheviks
- They supported working class
- They were willing to work with other groups
- Wantedto cause turmoil in Russia
- Revolution
- Bolsheviks
- They supported the working class and were very committed and dedicated
- They didn't need to wait for the middle-class to revolt
- A small party with weak leadership in foreign countries
- They supported the working class and were very committed and dedicated
- Liberals
- Revolution 1905
- Short term causes
- workers left hungry
- war caused shortages of necessities
- prices for many things rose
- many working class left unemployed
- factories were closed due to lack of materials
- country left humiliated after defeats by Japanese
- Long term causes
- dissatisfied with government
- living & working conditions for peasants and working class were awful
- to fund industrialisation the government taxed peasants
- Working class wages kept low
- peasants left starving (poor harvests)
- government forced their opinion through violence
- Trigger
- BLOODYSUNDAY
- Father Gapon decided to organise a march to deliver a petition to the Tsar
- the petition was asking the tsar for help
- Around 200,000 people marched towards the palace
- they were met by troops, who began to shoot people down
- Father Gapon decided to organise a march to deliver a petition to the Tsar
- BLOODYSUNDAY
- Why did people join the revolution? (examples)
- Middle class liberal
- Politics
- an elected government, freedom of speech and a right to form political parties
- Politics
- Peasant woman
- More equality
- Land given back, revenge on the land owners and more money
- More equality
- a Pole
- Freedom
- independence and quality and freedom of speech
- Freedom
- Engineering worker
- things to improve
- 8 hour day, better working conditions and higher wages
- things to improve
- Middle class liberal
- Short term causes
- Rasputin
- Tsar & Tsarina
- Rasputin became largely involved in the war
- How was he viewed?
-
Many people have
mixed views on Rasputin.
- The majority despise this man and believe he is corrupting the authority in the country
-
Many people have
mixed views on Rasputin.
- HIM
- He is said to have organised gatherings (orgies)
- Theses attracted many high society women
- He was also linked with seduction and affairs with nobles
- Grigori Rasputin, born in Siberia on 22nd January 1869, is a famous Starets.
- He is said to have organised gatherings (orgies)
- Tsar & Tsarina
- The Tsar looses power
- Effect of War 1914-17
- On the soldiers
- Blamed the inefficient and insensitive officers
- Losses mounted rapidly
- over 1 million soldiers were killed, injured or taken prisoner by the end of 1914
- saw friends, family and comrades brutally slaughtered
- supplies were running short
- boots (clothing)
- weapons and ammunition
- On the people at home
- food shortages becoming an increasing problem
- the little food that there was couldn't reach the cities
- (railway was being used by the army)
- the little food that there was couldn't reach the cities
- Farms left unattended due to the male peasants joining the army
- Unemployment and poverty began to rise rapidly
- Industrial materials were short due to the closing of factories
- Prices of goods began to rise
- wages barely altered
- people were cold and hungry
- food shortages becoming an increasing problem
- On the soldiers
- Personal control of army
- Tsar decided to take over the running of the war
- he went to the front himself
- he was now named for Russian defeats
- he left the Tsarina in charge of temporarily running the country
- many people opposed this decision
- she was distrusted due to her German background
- her close link with Rasputin left her in a bad position with the Russian people
- many people opposed this decision
- Tsar decided to take over the running of the war
- Loosing support
- increasing bad new from war
- people became impatient and desperate
- reputation and support of the Tsar and Tsarina began to get worse
- all classes began to loose support for them
- the middle-class & higher classes despised the Royal family
- connection to Rasputin
- people blamed him for shortages and collapsing of the country
- increasing bad new from war
- Revolution
- By 1917 the situation was much worse
- serious mood of discontent
- the workers wanted political changes, food & food
- 40,000 workers went on strike for higher wages
- Women and others joined in
- they also demanded food, fuel, better conditions and a new government
- the Tsar used force to silence them
- By 1917 the situation was much worse
- Army taking sides
- were ordered to shoot strikers
- they refused
- they joined in the strike and some shot their officers
- were ordered to shoot strikers
- Abdication
- 15th March 1917
- railway workers refused to let his train into Petrograd
- in favour of his brother Michael
- Effect of War 1914-17
- Why was Russia so hard to govern?
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