Peace and Justice
Notes on Religion, peace and justice for GCSE RS OCR B. Hope they are useful :)
- Created by: CoolKid
- Created on: 07-04-13 16:18
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- Peace and Justice
- Holy war
- Using physical violence to defend a religion.
- The crusades - Christians wanting back control of the Holy Land from the Muslims.
- Most Christian churches support Holy war however this has changed over the centuries.
- Just war
- Jus ad bellum - is it right to go to war?
- Jus in bello - there must be good conduct in the war.
- Jus post bellum - is peace well established?
- Rules stating how war is carried out, all the conditions must be carried out for it to qualify as a just war.
- These rules were developed by Cicero, Thomas Aquinas and Hugo Grotius.
- Violence and Pacifism
- Many people believe fighting is wrong, regardless of the reason or outcome. They are pacifists.
- Christians pacifists argue agape (selfless love) means violence isn't acceptable.
- Quakers are pacifists as they believe God is within every living being.
- "Blessed are the peacemakers, for they will be called the children of God."
- "all who draw the sword will die by the sword."
- Conscientious objectors won't join the armed forces because of their beliefs.
- Justice and the aims of punishment.
- Justice is a virtue.
- "Anyone who does wrong will be repair for his wrong, and there is no favouritism." (Colossians)
- Jesus said forgive "seventy times seven".
- Aims of punishment: deterrence, protection, retribution, reformation.
- Deterrence: deter people from commiting the crime again.
- Protection: protect the society from harm.
- Retribution: showing society the person has been punished.
- Reformation: giving the criminal a chance at a better life.
- Some Christians agree with capital punishment.
- Others believe Jesus' teachings agape and forgiveness show life must be treated as sacred and it is never right to take a life as punishment.
- Treatment of Criminals
- People should be punished fairly, and when they ask for foregiveness should be granted it.
- Jesus commands Christians to care for the weak and prisoners.
- Elizabeth Fry (Quaker) worked to improve prisons.
- Many Christians work with prisoners to help them lead better lives.
- Social injustice
- Poverty, racism, oppression, unfair imprisonment.
- It is wrong, all life was created by God and is equally valued by God.
- Some Christians help by working with charities.
- Liberation Theology tries to make all equal. If a country acts against a people they should be opposed.
- Holy war
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