***ROARING 20's***

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  • Created on: 11-06-16 11:49
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  • ROARING 20'S
    • Entertainment
      • 'Talkies' became popular in the 20's since before then, all films were silent so the first talking film in 1927 was revolutionary.
      • The introduction of Hollywood glamour boosted consumerism as everybody wanted to be like what they saw in the films.
      • The introduction of Hollywood shocked the older generation due to the sex and language so in 1930, the Hays Code declared that no film should lower the morals of the viewer.
      • Jazz was a free style of music loved by youths but not by the older generation who were against it because it was originally for Black Americans.
      • Styles of dance like Black Bottom and Charleston were popular. Jazz was particularly liked due to the introduction of radios as more people were introduced to it.
    • Immigration
      • Many people wanted to immigrate to America to escape European conflict & achieve the American Dream.
      • At first, immigrants were welcomed but they soon experienced language, religious and cultural barriers.
      • So, they stared putting restrictions on the migrants like the Quota system which meant no more than 3% of the total population of immigrants already there could enter.
      • They introduced literacy tests too to limit the amount of uneducated immigrants.
      • Events in Russia scared Americans as they thought immigrants would revolt and overthrow them.
      • The Sacco and Vanzetti case caused controversy as the Italian immigrants were killed for a robbery, despite having many witnesses vouch for them.
        • People thought the decision was met because the men were immigrants and because they had different political views.
    • Women
      • Before the 20's, women were subservient to men and traditional.
      • In 1920, they got the vote and in the war, many took over 'male' jobs.
      • Flappers were women who were independent and went against the rules.
      • Some people thought flappers were inspiring as they changed attitudes and improved womens rights but some thought they undid the progress of the womens rights movement.
      • The new independence of women meant they got jobs, got divorces, voted, wore more makeup, cut their hair and smoked and drank in public.
    • African-Americans
      • There was a lot of racism in the 1920's. There was segregation (enforced by the Jim Crow laws), hard work and poor pay, little chance to vote, were attacked and had inferior social facilities.
      • Racism was particularly bad in the south as they were more religious there.
      • Many black men were lynched by white mobs.
      • Even though they were legally allowed to vote, many didn't as they were threatened and had to pass a literacy test and had to pass a 'Grandfather Clause'.
      • WASP's were White Anglo-Saxon Protestants who were racist people that wanted white supremacy and that they were the only 'true' Americans.
        • They formed the cult the KKK.
          • They gained publicity and followers by pretending to be 'saving' America. Many members were officials like judges and police officers so the cult was very had to stop.
      • In the 1920's the civil rights campaign was divided, so people didn't have a single leader to help them progress.
        • The NAACP was run by William Du Bois and clashed with ideas with the UNIA, run by Marcus Garvey.
          • Garvey wanted to go back to Africa as he felt white people had done nothing but hostile and set up black businesses so they only supported each other.
          • Du Bois wanted to educate black people in order to change their stereotypes by encouraging night classes and voting classes.
    • Prohibition
      • People who supported the Temperence movement wanted prohibition. They wanted it because they felt alcohol lowered morals, led to crime and poor work.
      • The Volstead Act (18th Ammendment) in 1920 made alcohol illegal.
      • Prohibition was hard to enforce because officials were corrupt, people had no respect for the law and there was a lot of money to be made in bootlegging and running speakeasies.
      • Prohibition led to a rise in gang violence and organised crime and a double in murders.
    • Crime
      • Gangsters took over the supply of alcohol and made money through speakeasies, prostitutes, gambling and protection money.
      • There was a rise in crime due to the corruption of officials, profits to be made, the fact that ordinary people had no repsect for the law and because ex-WW1 soldiers turned into killers.
      • Al Capone was responsible for the St Valentines Day Massacre, killing 7 members of a rival gang.
    • Religious Intolerance
      • Due to the Christian Fundamentalists believed that God created everything so the Butler Act forbid the teachings of evolution or Darwinism in schools in some states.
      • John Scopes deliberately broke the law and taught it after having volunteered. He was arrested and fined $100.
        • It was one of the most documented trials ever. Tennessee go a lot of publicity.
    • Economy
      • 42% were living under the poverty line in 1928There was mass unemployment and the wealth was distributed unevenly- the rich were really rich and the poor had nothing.
      • There was economic isolation as America placed tariffs to protect American goods and make foreign goods cost more.
      • The government followed a policy where they gave big American businesses few rules and low taxes so they could make as much money as possible.
      • The 1929 Wall Street Crash led to the collapse of thousands of banks.

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