Rivers Revision Y8

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  • Rivers Revision Y8
    • Floods
      • Causes of flooding
        • Prolonged rainfall
        • Storms
        • Impermeable rock
        • Building on the drainage basin.
        • Deforestation
        • Hard dry soil
        • Saturated soil
        • Steep slopes
      • Flood protection
        • Soft Engineering
          • Planning where you build.
          • Managed flooding
          • Afforestation
          • Preperation
          • River restoration
        • Hard Engineering
          • Dams
          • Flood walls
          • Embankments
          • Building new river channels
    • The functions of a river
      • Erosion
        • Attrition
        • Abrasion
        • Hydraulic action
        • Solution
      • Deposition
        • Velocity decreases - less speed
        • Larger materials deposit first
        • Dissolved material stays in the water
        • A delta is formed when so much material is deposited that the ocean cannot take it away
      • Transportation
    • Formations
      • V-shaped valley
        • In the upper course the river erodes sharply down
        • When it rains, soil and stones go down the slope which erodes away the slope.
      • Waterfall
        • In the upper course there may be a change in rock. It may go from hard rock to soft rock. The river easily erodes the soft rock until it is steep, then it erodes under the hard rock. The hard rock has nothing holding it up so it collapses into the plunge pool etc.
      • Oxbow lake
        • A river has a slight bend. erosion takes place on outside, deposition on inside. It turns into a meander. It gets tighter. When the water level is high the water goes straight across. It keeps to its new channel and deposits material by the abandoned curve. It turns into an oxbow lake.
    • The drainage basin
      • Courses
        • Middle course
          • Erosion/Transportation
        • Upper course
          • Erosion
        • Lower course
          • Deposition
      • From source to mouth
        • Source
        • Meander
        • Oxbow lake
        • Valley
        • Channel
        • River
        • Delta
        • Estuary
        • Mouth
        • Confluence
        • Braids

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