respiratory diseases
- Created by: Amber Manley
- Created on: 15-01-14 22:43
View mindmap
- respiratory and animal disease
- airborne transmission
- respiratory pathogens
- aerosols generated during speaking, sneezing, coughing
- can be indirect or direct transmission
- droplet can carry 100.000 bacteria
- bacterial disease
- tuberculosis: myobacterium tuberculosis
- leprosy: myobacterium leprae
- sore throats: streptococcus pyogenes
- whooping cough: bordetella pertussis
- viral disease
- influenza
- common cold: rhino
- measles
- mumps
- Tuberculosis
- mainly affects lungs
- can cause meningitis
- living conditions, vaccine, antibiotics decreased cases
- found in major cities
- people at risk
- close contacts of a case
- those that have lived in TB common areas
- immune systems weakened
- chronic poor health (lifestyle)
- elderly and young
- contraction
- may resolve itself
- active TB may appear
- may be asymptomatic
- may become active in later life
- symptoms
- coughing
- tiredness
- loss of appetite/weight
- night sweats
- diagnosed using skin test against myobacteria
- staphyloccus aureus
- very common bacterium
- treated with antibiotics
- can cause diseases with pus e.g. boils
- Toxic shock syndrome
- 1 in 4 die
- Common Cold
- rhino virus most common
- over 115 serotypes of rhino, so impossible to vaccinate
- influenza
- influenza A
- very serious
- seasonal
- influenza A is avain flu that has crossed to humans
- single stranded RNA in 8 segments
- lipoprotein envelope
- 2 proteins protuding
- haemagglutnin
- neuraminidase
- 2 proteins protuding
- lysogenic cycle
- avian flu adaptation
- coinfection of avian and human strains
- genome swapped between
- mutation in genome
- coinfection of avian and human strains
- zoonoses
- transmission
- direct
- human to animal contact
- indirect
- intermediate vector e.g. tick, flea
- direct
- the plague
- yersinia pestis
- gram negative bacterium
- faculatively anaerobic
- rod shaped
- carried by gophers and prairie dogs today
- infection cycle
- wild reservoir
- domestic reservoir
- causes fatal disease in animal
- urban cycle
- fleas need many hosts due to deaths
- bubonic plague
- most bacterium killed at bite by neutropjils
- those taken by macrophages can still be virulant
- bacteria kill macrophage and are resistant
- spread to lymph nodes
- more replication and killing of macrophages
- pneumonic plague
- inavasion may stop at lymph nodes
- spills into blood
- endotoxin results in septic shock
- reaches lungs where can be spread
- streptomycin or tetracycline
- Malaria
- carried by members of the family plasmodium
- fever, stiffness, abnormal breathing
- life cycle
- sporozoites in salivary gland of mosquito enter bloodstream
- travel to liver where enter parenchymal cells
- exoerythrocytic stage begins
- replicates and enlarges (schizont stage)
- schizont separates into merozoites
- erythrocytic stage
- merozoites infect other blood cells
- Rabies
- rhabdovirus
- transmission
- airborne transmission
- transmitted animal to animal via biological transmission
- wild reservoir
Comments
No comments have yet been made