Respiration and exercise 

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  • Respiration and excercise
    • Aerobic
      • Glucose+oxygen = carbon dioxide +water +(energy)
      • Takes place in the mitochondria-Site of respiration
        • The reactions in the mitochondria are controlled by enzymes.
        • They have a folded inner membrane,which provides a larger surface are for the enzymes
        • The number of mitochondria in a cell shows how active the cell is
      • Reasons for respiration
        • Build larger molecules from smaller ones e.g. amino acids into proteins
        • Allow muscles to contract for movement
        • Birds and mammals to maintain a steady body temperature
    • Exercise
      • Energy released during respiration is used to allow the muscles to contract
      • Muscle's store glucose as glycogen because it acts as a store that can be rapidly converted back to glucose to use during exercise.
      • Responses
        • Heart rate increase
          • Increase supply of oxygen and glucose and increase removal of carbon dioxide and water
        • Breathing rate and depth increases
          • More oxygen is brought into the body and picked up by the red blood cells to take to the muscles and it also means more carbon dioxide can be remove and breathed out
        • Blood flow increases
          • Increase supply of oxygen and glucose and increase removal of carbon dioxide and water
        • Glycogen stores are converted into glucose
      • Benfeits
        • Heart and lungs become larger
          • Develop a larger efficient blood supply- they function as effectively as possible
    • Anaerobic
      • Glucose= Lactic acid+ (S.Energy)
      • When you exercise hard your muscles become short of oxygen.The blood supply can't supply oxygen to the muscles fast enough.
      • If you are fit,your heart and lungs will be able to keep a good supply of oxygen ,but if your unfit,your muscles will run short of oxygen mush sooner
      • Muscle fatigue
        • Muscles become tired and stop contracting efficiently; this can be caused by lactic acid build up and by anaerobic respiration
      • Anaerobic is less efficient than aerobic because the glucose molecule isn't broken down properly ,so less energy is produced
    • Oxygen Debt
      • The length of time you remain out of breath after exercise depends on how fit you are
      • After exercise,oxygen is still needed to breakdown the lactic acid.The amount of oxygen needed is known as the oxygen debt

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