Aerobic Respiration

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  • Created by: Ellie
  • Created on: 06-01-14 12:29
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  • Respiration
    • Glycolysis
      • Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of cells
      • Glucose is split into two molecules of pyruvate
      • Activation of glucose by phosphorylation
        • 1.
        • Addition of 2 phosphate molecules from ATP being split through hydrolysis
      • Each phosphorylated glucose is split into 3- triose phosphate
        • 2.
      • Oxidation of triose phosphate
        • 3.
        • Hydrogen is removed and is used to reduce NAD
      • Production of ATP
        • 4.
        • Each triose  phosphate is converted to pyruvate
      • IN: Glucose, 2xNAD, 2xATP
        • OUT: 2x Pyruvate, 2xNADH, 2xATP
    • The Link Reaction
      • The link reaction takes place in the matrix of the mitochondria. Pyruvates are actively transported in.
      • Pyruvate is  oxidised by removing hydrogen, to NAD.
      • Acetyl group is formed and combines with CoA - acetyl CoA.
      • IN: 2x Pyruvate, 2xNAD, 2xCoA
        • OUT: 2x Acetyl CoA, 2x NADH, 2xCO2
    • Krebs Cycle
      • 1. Acetyl CoA combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate
        • CoA picks up another acetyl group from link reaction
          • Citrate is decarboxylated and dehydrogenated
            • CO2 is released, NADH formed
              • a-ketogluterateis formed
                • further decarboxylation and dehyrogenation releasing CO2 - NADH
                  • ATP is formed
                    • Succinate is formed
                      • dehyrogenation converts to fumarate and reduces FAD
                        • Fumarate converted to malate, dehydrogenated to oxaloacetate - NADH
      • 2 ATP, 4CO2, 2FADH, 6NADH
      • x2 for 1 glucose
    • Electron Transport Chain
      • NADH and FADh release H
        • Hydrogen splits into proton and electrons
          • Electrons move down ETC, energy is lost
            • Energy pumps protons into mitochondrial matrix from intermembrane space
              • Protons move down conc gradient via ATP synthase
                • Energy combines ADP and Pi - chemiosmosis
                  • O2  accepts electron and combines with proton - h2o

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