Respiration
- Created by: vezting
- Created on: 08-03-16 11:01
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- Respiration processes
- Glycolysis
- phosphorylation
- 1: ATP is hydrolysed and the phosphate group attaches to glucose
- 2: this created hexose phosphate and a molecule of ADP
- 3: hexose phosphate is phosphorylated by ATP to form hexose bi phosphate and ADP
- 4: hexose bi phosphate is split into triose phosphate
- oxidation
- 1:triose phosphate is oxidised by dehydrogenase enzyme (loses hydrogen) forming 2 molecules of pyruvate
- 2: NAD collects the hydrogen ions forming NADH (reduced) and 4 ATP produced, net gain of 2.substrate level phosphorylation
- glycolysis is a metabolic pathway which occurs in cytoplasm
- phosphorylation
- link reaction and krebs cycle
- link reaction
- 1: pyruvate enters mitochondrial matrix
- 2: pyruvate is dehydrogenated by dehydrogenase enzymes and decarboxylated by decarboxylase enzymes
- 3: products are NADH and CO2 and acetate
- 4: acetate combines with CoA tof orm acetyl CoA and CoA carries acetate into krebs cycle.
- Krebs cycle
- 1: Acetate from acetyle CoA combines with oxceloacetate to from citrate
- 2: citrate is decarboxylate in a series of small enzyme controlled reactions
- 3: this reforms opxceloacetate and during this 3x NADH and 1x FADH are produced
- 4: one molecule of ATP os formed by substrate level phosphorylation
- 2x CO2 as waste product
- link reaction
- oxidative phosphorylation and chemiosmosis
- chemiosmosis
- how ATP is made
- ATP synthase on inner mitochondrial membrane
- when 3H+ ions pass through, enough energy for ADP+Pi to form ATP
- oxidative phosphorylation
- 1: NADH and FADH are oxidised in solution to release H ion and E
- 2: E enter ETC which has 3 carries, each level makes the E lose energy
- 3: this energy is used to actively pump H ions into the intermembrane space from matrix
- 3: this creates an electro chemical gradient
- 4: H ions re enter mitochondrial matrix down gradient, passing through ATP synthase.
- oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor.
- chemiosmosis
- Glycolysis
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