Respiration and Exercise
- Created by: Abc312
- Created on: 13-05-18 20:21
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- Respiration
- Respiration is an exothermic reactions
- It transfers energy to the environment.
- Supplies the energy needed for living things
- Energy is needed for:
- Chemical reactions to build larger molecules
- Movement
- Keeping warm
- Energy is needed for:
- Metabolism
- Metabolism is the sum of all reactions is a cell or the body.
- In some reactions larger molecules are made:
- Starch, glycogen and cellulose are made from chains of glucosemolecules
- Lipids are made from one molecule of glycerol and three fatty acids
- Amino acids are made by combining glucose and nitrate ions
- They are then made into proteins
- In other reactions larger molecules are broken down
- Glucose is broken down in respiration
- Breaking down excess proteins to form urea
- Aerobic Respiration
- Glucose
- +
- Oxygen
- ---->
- Carbon Dioxide
- +
- Water
- 6H2O
- Water
- 6CO2
- +
- Carbon Dioxide
- 6O2
- ---->
- Oxygen
- C6H12O6
- +
- Happens in mitochondria
- Most efficient way of transferring energy
- Glucose
- Anaerobic Respiration
- This only happens when there isn't enough oxygen
- It is the incomplete breakdown of glucose
- In humans
- Glucose
- ---->
- Lactic acid
- ---->
- In Yeast
- Glucose
- ---->
- Ethanol
- +
- Carbon Dioxide
- +
- Ethanol
- ---->
- Called fermentation
- Used to make bread and alcoholic drinks
- Glucose
- Glucose
- Less efficient than aerobic respiration
- Exercise
- When you are exercising your muscles contract more so need more energy from respiration
- This means you need more oxygen
- In responce to the extra oxygen needed your:
- Breathing rate increases
- Breath volume increases
- Heart rate increases
- If there is not enough energy anaerobic respiration happens,
- The incomplete breakdown of glucose causes a build up of lactic acid and an oxygen debt.
- During long periods exercise muscles become fatigued and stop contracting efficiently.
- Blood flowing through the muscles transports the lactic acid to the liver where it is converted back to glucose
- OxygenDebt is where the body continues to breathe heavily to get more oxygen to react with the lactic acid and remove it from the cells.
- When you are exercising your muscles contract more so need more energy from respiration
- Respiration is an exothermic reactions
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