Research Methods In Psychology
- Created by: cranderson
- Created on: 12-03-14 16:39
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- Research Methods In Psychology
- Hypothesis - A statement predicting the outcome of research.
- Null Hypothesis- A statement which predicts no difference or correlation in results.
- Alternative Hypothesis- A statement which predicts a difference or correlation in results.
- Null Hypothesis- A statement which predicts no difference or correlation in results.
- Variables - Anything that is open to change.
- Independent Variable- Something the research changes or manipulates.
- Dependent Variable- Something that is measured to see if it has changed, when the independent has been changed
- Standardisation - A way of controlling extraneous variables, to keep variables the same across conditions
- Extraneous Variable - A variable, which could affect the dependent variable if it is not controlled. i.e, the weather.
- Dependent Variable- Something that is measured to see if it has changed, when the independent has been changed
- Independent Variable- Something the research changes or manipulates.
- Experimental designs- A way of allocating participants to conditions in an experiment.
- Repeated Measured design - An experimental design in which the participant takes part in both conditions.
- Independent groups design - An experimental design which participants are different in each condition.
- Sampling - A smaller group selected from larger population.
- Target Population- A set of people researches want to generalise their results too.
- Representative - A accurate reflection of a larger group
- Random Sample- A sample of which everyone in the target population has an equal chance of being chosen.
- Opportunity Sampling - A sample drawn from the target population because they are available and convenient
- Ethical Considerations- Issues of research that take into account the welfare of participants.
- Informed Consent - Where the participants agrees to take part in the experiment and knows what the aim of the study is.
- Right to withdraw - When participants are allowed to stop participating in a study
- Confidentiality - Protecting the identity of participants by not revealing names and other details.
- Experiments.
- Lab Experiment- An experiment carried out in a controlled environment
- Field Experiment - An experiment carried out in a natural environment
- Questionnaires - A set of pre determined question, same for all respondents
- Self report- When participans report their own experiences
- Interview- Face to face questioning.
- Unstructured interview. - An interview when questions will vary on the response if the person being interviewed.
- Overt observation- To observe people with their knowledge of them being observed
- Covert Observation- to observe people without them knowing
- Studies-
- Correlation study- A study that analyses two sets of data for a relationship.
- Longitudinal study- A study carried out over a period of time.
- A study when two or more people or more groups are compared.
- Findings
- Validity- Reflecting on the truth
- Ecological validity - Reflecting on the real life situation.
- Reliability- Consistency : replicates itself
- Inter-rater reliability - When researches agrres on the findings
- Demand characteristics - cues which give away the aim.
- Observer effect- When participants behave differently from normal because they know they are being observed.
- Social desirability- this describes responses that participants give when say what they think the researches want them to say.
- Validity- Reflecting on the truth
- Hypothesis - A statement predicting the outcome of research.
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