research methods

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  • research methods
    • experimental method
      • lab experiment
        • varibles are easier to control
        • procedures can be easily repeated
        • high internal validity
        • ecological validity can be a concern
        • increased risk of demand characteristics
        • higher risk of investigator effects
      • field experiment
        • improved ecological validity when compared to lab experiment
        • behaviour is more realistic
        • decreased risk of demand characteristics
        • more difficult to control extraneous varibles
        • internal validity may be affected
        • more difficult to replicate
    • case study
      • in depth investigations of a single person, group, event or community.
      • more flexiblity allowed from researcher
      • can interact with participants
        • answers can be qualified
      • interviewer can detect body language
        • interpret discomfort or emotions
      • low population validity
      • low replicability
        • low reliability
    • interviews
      • can interact with participants
        • answers can be qualified
      • interviewer can detect body language
        • interpret discomfort or emotions
      • relies on subjective interpretation of interviewer
      • time consuming
    • questionnaires
      • disadvantages of interviews are advantages of questionnaires
    • observations
      • covert/overt
      • event/time sampling
    • variables
      • extraneous
        • may affect some people
      • confounding
        • will affect everybody the same way

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