Research Methods
- Created by: ruth7595
- Created on: 21-03-15 18:33
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- Research Methods
- Types of Experiments
- Lab Experiment
- Replicability of procedure- carefully designed and reported so can be repeated by other researchers.
- Control over variables -easier in lab than other settings.
- Loss of Validity= artificial therefore different to real life.
- Demand characteristics- participants aware of experiment, may change behaviour.
- Artificial environment-low realism
- Field Experiment (Controlled experiment conducted outside a lab)
- Reduction of demand characteristics- less conscious they're part of a study
- Easier to generalise from results
- Weak Control of extraneous variables - Replications difficult
- Can be Costly and time consuming
- Natural Experiment
- Reduction of demand characteristics as participants less conscious
- Can be used when unethically acceptable to manipulate the independent variable
- Lacks control- difficult to establish cause + effect
- No control over allocation of participant groups
- Lab Experiment
- Variables
- Independent Variables (IV)
- The variable the experimenter has control over.
- Dependent Variable
- What is measured in the experiment and what's affected during the experiment
- Extraneous Variables
- Undesirable variables that influence relationships that an experimenter examines.
- Independent Variables (IV)
- Experimental Design
- Independent Groups (participants allocated to two or more conditions)
- Lots of participants needed- More representative
- No order effects- participants unlikely to be bored or tired in design which may affect results
- Cannot account for participant variables
- Requires more participants so study may take longer
- Matched Pairs Design (Attempts to match participants in each condition on basis of age, gender, intelligence etc)
- Matching participants may help control for individual differences
- Design better suited when repeated design may not work due to order effects
- Matching is time consuming and still may be participant variables
- Sample may be smaller as trying to match participants across similar traits may be difficult
- Repeated Measures Design (Uses same participants in all conditions)
- Complete control of participant variables
- Requires less group members as simply re-use same participants
- Order effects may occur-participants may become better in second condition
- Participants may display demand characteristics if study results in them guessing what the study is
- Independent Groups (participants allocated to two or more conditions)
- Types of Experiments
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