research methods

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  • Created by: sophiemai
  • Created on: 18-04-19 09:18
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  • research methods
    • experimental methods
      • aim- purpose of study, hypothesis- relationship between variables- directional- specifeed difference - non dirsctional difference stated, IV - manipulated, DV-measured operationaisation - asctually measuring effect of IV
    • control of variables
      • extraneous v - may effect results, muddy them, unsystematic. confounding v- could explain results by self. demand charcateristics - cues leading to changed behaviours. investigator effects-  e.g. leading questions. randomisation - reduce bias, random generator. standardisation - same formula for every particpant
    • experimental design
      • independant groups - one person does one IV. repeated measures- one person does both IVs. matched pairs- matced then each do one IV
      • eval IG; 1- less ecomonic 2- order effects not a poblem
      • eval RM; 1- order effects so abba 2- variablles controlled
      • eval MP; 1- less order effects 2- time consuming
    • types of experiment
      • lab - highly controlled situ
        • eval; 1- high control over EV 2- replication easier = validity 3- low exteral vailidity (genralisability) 4- low mundane realism
      • feild - IV manipulated in natural setting
        • eval; 1- higher mundane realism 2- high external vaildity 3- ethical issues
      • natural - natural IV taken advatage of
        • eval; 1- high external validity 2- studies not normally allow can happen 3- rare 4- not randomly allocated
      • quasi - Iv based on exsistiing difference
        • eval; 1- controlled 2- confounding variabes due to non random allocation
    • sampling
      • random s = generator, systematic s = every nth number, stratisfied s= population refected, oppitunity s = anyone willing, volunteer s = choose to partake
      • eval; RS- no researcher bias, time consuming. **  no RB. ** noRB most representive. OS cheaper & convinent. VS volunteer bias
    • ethical issues
      • informed consent, deception, protection from harm privacy & confidentiallity
    • pilot studies & procedures
      • small version done to test working, find problems
      • single blind - ppt unaware vs double blind- both ppt and doc unaware
    • observational technique
      • naturalistic - where behaviour usually occurs, controlled - more control over variables
      • jhy
  • kh

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