Religious organisations, movements and members
- Created by: WignallRose
- Created on: 25-05-17 10:10
View mindmap
- Religious organisations and movements
- Types of religious organisations
- Churches = large organisations, bureaucratic hierarchy, monopoly of truth
- Sects = small, exclusive, hostile, high commitment, oppressed members
- Denominations = less exclusive, accept society (Niebuhr)
- Cults = individualistic, little commitment, improve life
- Churches & sects both claim their faith is the only legitimate one
- Ch. & denom. = respectable. Ch. & sects = deviant
- Troeltsch's idea of church outdated due to diversity (Bruce)
- Wall = categorises NRMs into 3 groups
- World-rejecting = clear God, critical of world, salvation
- World-accommodating = breakaway, religious matters, purity
- World-affirming = accept world, tolerant, non-exclusive
- Eval. = categories based on individual or teachings? & ignores diversity
- Sects (schisms) and cults (new religions) are in conflict with wider society (Stark and B.)
- Sects are other-worldly and cults are other-worldly
- Subdivided cults on organisation: audience, client, cultic movement
- Explaining the growth of religious movements
- Sects offer members a theodicy of disprivilege so arise in marginalised societies (Weber)
- Stark and B. = relatively deprived break away to focus on original message
- Bruce = growth of sects and cults is a response to social change
- World-rejecting = young given freedom from responsibilities, idealistic way of life
- World-affirming = response to modernity, work provides sense of identity and success
- Neibuhr = sects are short lived as become denominations, because:
- Second generation lack commitment, protestant ethic, death of a leader
- Sectarian cycle (Stark & B.) = schism, initial favour, denominationalism establishment further schism
- Self spirituality is common due to shift to modern society (Drane)
- Heelas = New Age & modernity linked: sources of identity, customer culture, rapid social change & decline of organised religion
- Religiosity and social groups
- Davie = women are more likely than men to turn to attend church
- Miller & Hoffman = due to differences in risk taking
- Bruce = due to lower levels of involvement in paid work
- Women attracted to New Age as importance of authentic life
- Pentecostal men are encouraged to act responsibly, women use this to improve
- Brierley = black people are twice as likely to attend church
- Ethnic minorities originate from poor countries, maintain their pattern
- Ignores the impact of their experiences as immigrants
- Bruce = religion offers support and sense of cultural identity in hostile place
- Bird = basis for community solidarity
- Ethnic minorities originate from poor countries, maintain their pattern
- Older people more likely to attend religious services
- Voas and Crockett = the ageing effect, period of cohort effect & secularisation
- Voas & Crockett = secularisation as young people are less religious
- Arweck & Beckford = 'virtual collapse of religious socialisation
- Davie = women are more likely than men to turn to attend church
- Types of religious organisations
Comments
No comments have yet been made