Religion James 1603-25
- Created by: louderthanbombzz
- Created on: 30-03-17 18:36
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- Religion, James
- Attitudes to Catholics
- Distrust after the war with the Spanish which broke out in 1580s.
- Increased recusancy fines as Catholics involved with plots with Mary.
- 146 Catholics executed between 1586-1603.
- James at first was moderate, not persecuting any who were quiet and reducing recusancy fines to 1/4 what they were.
- 1604 all Priests and Jesuits ordered out of kingdom and November, recusancy reissued.
- Parliament wanted 'due execution of statues,' against any 'manner of recusants,' and James was desperate for union.
- 1604 all Priests and Jesuits ordered out of kingdom and November, recusancy reissued.
- Distrust after the war with the Spanish which broke out in 1580s.
- Gunpowder Plot 1605
- 5 November 1605
- After the war with Spain ended in 1604, there were no hopes of foreign intervention
- Robert Catesby(1572-1605), a recusant family member involved in the Essex rebellion against Elizabeth, 1601, was one of the key plotters.
- A tunnel was to be dug under the Houses of Parliament to kill the King and MPs with one stroke.
- Plan found out when a letter was sent to a relative.
- Plotters came from gentry families most affected by recusancy fines.
- Results
- Venetian ambassador claimed James was 'in terror,' eating his meals in private and living in innermost rooms with 'only Scotsmen.'
- Penal laws issued to hold public office.
- Catholics could not live in or around London.
- Oath of allegiance to deny pope's authority to depose kings.
- Puritans
- Had 1603 Millenary Petition signed by 1000 to James, wanting to cleanse CofE of popish practise.
- James disliked Presbyterianism and wanted ordered Church.
- Issues
- At Hampton Court, Jan 1604, bishops and Puritans had much to discuss.
- Pluralism occurred due to low stipends, wages, so clergymen had to hold more than one living, the post of a parish priest.
- Inadequate pastoral care.
- Hampton Court Conference
- Disputation between 5 Puritans and 9 bishops led by Charles.
- Agreement on the Authorised or King James Bible, 1611, which would be read for 300 years.
- Puritans failed on most demands; requesting removal of bishops would be radical but James saw wanting no surplice as trivial.
- Bishops failed with campaigning and gaining a following, so a petitioning campaign was developed. James didn't want undue pressure and feared a Presbyterian Church.
- He would be subject to the same discipline as any other member.
- No bishops, no king!
- He would be subject to the same discipline as any other member.
- Outcome
- No issues by Puritans mentioned.
- Puritans and Catholics agreed on the problems with dissolution of monasteries in late 16th century.
- Put church in lay hands with tithes, 1/10 of income taxed to ministers, held from parishes.
- Church in poverty. In 1610, James appointed Puritan Archbishop of Canterbury, George Abbot.
- Fewer popish ceremonies and more preaching, less Puritans denied livings.
- Church in poverty. In 1610, James appointed Puritan Archbishop of Canterbury, George Abbot.
- Put church in lay hands with tithes, 1/10 of income taxed to ministers, held from parishes.
- Puritans and Catholics agreed on the problems with dissolution of monasteries in late 16th century.
- No issues by Puritans mentioned.
- Arminians
- James was Calvinist, following preaching of John Calvin who set up strict Church in Geneva.
- Believed in predestination and preaching.
- Disliked Calvinist Church organisation.
- Arminians, led by Dutch theologian Jacob Arminius, believed in free will and ceremonial services/sacraments.
- Saw Catholic Church as true church but did not accept papal authority.
- In 1620s when James was involved in the negotiations with Spain, protests against Catholics mounted.
- Arminians upheld royal authority. James promoted Arminians, making the Commons suspicious.
- James was Calvinist, following preaching of John Calvin who set up strict Church in Geneva.
- Religion in Scotland
- Wanted conformity and removed nobles from Kirk alliance.
- Introduced bishops in 1618.
- Liturgical reforms such as the Articles of Perth were very unpopular, enforced through General Assembly, including kneeling at Communion.
- Catholic interpretation
- Articles not strictly enforced and in 1619 a new prayer book was NOT introduced.
- Ireland
- 1607 - 2 Earls of Ulster fled into exile after failed rebellion, and Calvinist Scots and English settlers stole their land, plantation.
- There was the Catholic majority, the Church of Ireland mostly Calvinist in belief, and a minority of Presbyterians.
- Attitudes to Catholics
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