Relationships

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  • Relationships
    • Formation
      • Physical Attractiveness
        • Halo effect
          • Dion (1972)
          • Good looking people have other good characteristics
        • Gupta and Singh
          • Western-Hourglass figure
        • Opposite Halo
          • Dermer + Thiel
            • extremely attractive = vain, egotistic
      • Proximity
        • Geographical
          • Bossard (1932) - 5000 marriages, one city
            • 50% couples lived within walking distance
          • Festinger (1950) - married students in flats
            • 10x as many friendships formed, same building, same floor
        • Functional
          • near staircases, mail boxes
      • Similarity /Familiarity
        • Rubin(1973) - similarity rewarding
          • joint activites
          • easier communication
          • boosts self esteem
      • Reward theory
        • minimum effort, maximum reward
      • Filter Model
        • Kerchoff + Davis
        • 1) sociological - likelihood of meeting , field of availables
          • 2) psychological - same views e.g. wanting kids , field of desirables
            • 3) complimentary - take each other into account
    • Dissolution
      • Lee
        • Dis- satisfaction
          • Exposure
            • Negotiation
              • Attempts to resolve
                • Termination
      • Duck
        • Intrapsychic - initial unhappiness
          • Dyadic- unhappiness in open air
            • Social- problems aired publically
              • Grave dressing- after split, each side tells own story
        • Topographical models
          • Pre-existing doom
            • never going to work e.g. large age difference
          • Mechanical failure
            • just cannot live together, most common
          • Sudden death
            • e.g. cheating etc.
        • Strategies
          • Unilateral
            • One sided
          • Bilateral
            • Both sided
          • Indirect
            • Withdraw/fade
          • Direct
            • Dump/blame
      • Holmes
        • Negative reciprocity model
          • Negative spirals
            • Transgression - complaint-defence set -demand- withdraw set
              • Contruals
                • Negative mind reading
                  • Character assassination
                    • Distress maintaining
                      • satisfied minimise upsets, unsatisfied maximise upsets
    • Maintainance
      • Equity theory
        • Must be equal input
      • Social exchange theory
      • Inter-dependence model
    • Early Childhood
      • Bowlby
        • Internal working model
        • Continuity hypothesis
      • Ainsworth
        • Attachment types
          • Secure
          • Insecure-avoidant
          • Insecure-resistant
        • Strange situation
    • Culture
      • Moghaddam
        • Individualist
          • Temporary
          • Voluntary
          • Personal
        • Collectivist
          • Permanent
          • Involuntary
          • Group
      • Physical Attractiveness
        • Gupta and Singh
          • Western-Hourglass figure
        • China- Foot binding
    • Evolutionary
      • Parental investment - Trivers (1972)
        • Male
          • Low investment
            • Lots of sperm, forever fertile
            • May not be theirs, concealed estrus
        • Female
          • High investment
            • Limited amount of eggs
            • Pregnancy
            • Milk production
            • Looking after
        • Optimum No offspring
      • Sexual selection
        • Ridley (1993)
          • women love high status  resources
          • men love physical attractiveness
        • Dunbar (1995) - lonely hearts columns
          • men offer resources and see looks
          • women offer looks and seex resources
        • Buss (1989) - 10,000 ppt, 37 countries
          • men love physical attractiveness
          • women love high status  resources
      • Sexual infidelity
        • males risk investing in child that isnt theirs
        • females risk losing resources

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