Relationship between economic development and energy usage
- Created by: Jake Robertson
- Created on: 11-05-13 17:35
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- Relationship between economic development and energy usage
- UK
- Running out of significant reserves of oil and gas
- By 2020 Britain will import about 3/4 of it's primary energy needs
- Target of reduction of greenhouse gases by 60% by 2050
- Main changes since 1990 have been a modest decline in petroleum, significant rise in gas, and a large decline in coal
- Oil and Gas
- Already used between 1/2 and 3/4 in it's territorial waters
- Oil production peaked in 1990s, and has fallen about 30% to 2m barrels per day
- More than 90% of gas comes from the North Sea
- Gas imports are set to rise
- New techniques being employed in the North Sea
- Nuclear
- Government trying to decide whether or not to invest in new plants
- Without new plants, nuclear electricity share will fall from 23% in 2005 to 7% in 2020
- Coal
- Biggest employer at beginning of 2oth century
- 1m workers to 9300 in 2005
- 25.2m tonnes produced in 2004
- Declinded because it is dirty and inflexible
- 60.0m tonnes consumed in 2004
- 19 coal powerstations in 2004, generating 33% of electricity
- Hydroelectricity
- Only about 0.8% of electricity from HEP
- Most plants located in Scottish Highlands
- Plans approved in 2005 to biuld 100MW station in Glendoe
- If all rivers and streams in UK could be tapped, it would provide about 3% of enegy needs
- Biomass
- 97% of renewable energy in 2003
- Most provided by landfill gases, and waste combustion
- Accounted for 1.55% of electricity supply in 2003
- Other renewable forms
- Geothermal power plant in 1986
- Total photovoltaic output was only 6MW
- Two wave devices in Scotland, generating 1.25MW
- Wind energy
- Estimate of 7% of demand in 2010
- Very expensive
- Wind farm the size of Dartmoor would produce the same amount of energy as a power stations
- Microgeneration
- Solar panels and wind turbines are becoming more common
- Could take considerable strain off national grid
- Could provide 30-40% of needs by 2050
- Mali
- No fossil fuel resources
- Fossil fuels have to be imported
- Generation of grid electricity is twice as expensive as neighbouring countries
- Imported petroleum accounts for 8% of the trade balance
- 80% of needs are supplied by firewood or charcoal in rural areas
- Firewood uses over 50m tons of forest every year
- 900000 tonnes of wood cut for use in capital Bamako in 2006
- Less than 12% of population has access to formal electricity
- In rural areas, less than 1% have access to mains electricicty
- Solar panels have been installed on 30 schools
- Biofuels are being explored
- Laws have been passed to protect forests
- UK
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