Reasons why Russia won WW2
Reasons why Russia won WW2 (Against Germany)
History Unit 1 - Edexcel
- Created by: Amir
- Created on: 15-12-12 11:58
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- Reasons for Russian victory in WW2
- The Nazi War Economy
- The German War Economy lacked direction
- Senior Nazi officals had a series of competing priorites which hampend the War effort
- For Example Goering insisted that the Living Standards should be kept high in order to ensure support from the german people (maintain)
- German Mistakes
- The Germans were over ambitous with their attack of Germany
- Operation Barborossa failed to take into account the length if time it would take to capture Moscow along with getting their befire the Russian winter set in
- The german troops also laid seige to cities such as Leningrad and Moscow wihhc henabled the Russian troops to regroup and rearm
- The German army was also unsuitably equipped when it came to dealing with the Russian winter
- The Germans were over ambitous with their attack of Germany
- The Home Front
- The Great Patriotic War
- Stalin understood that the 5YP’s and the Great Terror had little to improve living Standards
- Stalin called upon the Russian people to defend the “Motherland” instead of defending Socialism
- The Strategy worked, for example in Leningrad the citizens managed to endure and resist the 9 day siege by the Germans. Inspite of starvation, exhaustion and the harsh winter
- Turning to the Church
- Traditionally the communists were against religion
- In exchange the leader of the Church Metropolitan Sergei sated that Stain was “Gods chosen leader” and that the fight against Germany was a holy war
- 414 Churches reopened in the final year of the war
- Stalin made an alliance with the church during the time of the war
- Amongst Soldiers it was often believed that in the words of Jesus it was more comforting to die in the war than in the words of Marx, Lenin or Stalin
- The Great Patriotic War
- The Grand Alliance
- Lend Lease
- Militarily the Lend Lease program had lmited effect
- However, it had a significant impact in terms of Food & Transport
- Transport
- Of the 2,000 trains the Red Army had over 1,900 of them were American built
- American Jeeps formed 2/3rds of all those used by the Red Army
- Food
- The Red Army was dependent on American and Canadian wheat as well as tinned goods such as - SPAM
- By 1943, 17% of the Red Army was supplied with American food
- Overall in terms of food and transport Lend Lease was critical to Russian Sucess
- Transport
- However, it had a significant impact in terms of Food & Transport
- Militarily the Lend Lease program had lmited effect
- Britain's RAF bombed cities, therefore the Luftwaffe could not concentrate all of its attention on Russia
- Following D-Day the British and American forces opened a third front in France against Germnay
- As a result Hitler had to divert some of his forces and resources iinto defending this 3rd Front
- Lend Lease
- The War Economy
- The USSR was better prepared when it entered the war, compared to GB and France
- This was largely due tot he economic progress made in the first two 5YP's
- the Second 5YP in particular focused on more on rearmament - spending on rearmaent rose from 4% of the GDP in1933 to 17% in 1937
- Gosplan at War
- Stalin initiated a new policy of relocating factories to the East in order to stop it falling into enemy hands
- By 1941, 1523 Faxctories were relocated to the East
- By 1942, 56% of Russia's National Income was devoted to the War - higher than GB, France
- The Porduction of armaments almost doubled between 1941 and 1944
- Stalin initiated a new policy of relocating factories to the East in order to stop it falling into enemy hands
- The USSR was better prepared when it entered the war, compared to GB and France
- The Enemy Within
- The NKVD drew up a list of people who they felt maybe sympatheticto the Germans
- The NKVD relocated these people
- For example he Kamylyks - an ethnic group of arounnd 130,000 were relocated to Siberia
- The NKVD relocated these people
- The NKVD drew up a list of people who they felt maybe sympatheticto the Germans
- The Nazi War Economy
- The War Economy
- The USSR was better prepared when it entered the war, compared to GB and France
- This was largely due tot he economic progress made in the first two 5YP's
- the Second 5YP in particular focused on more on rearmament - spending on rearmaent rose from 4% of the GDP in1933 to 17% in 1937
- Gosplan at War
- Stalin initiated a new policy of relocating factories to the East in order to stop it falling into enemy hands
- By 1941, 1523 Faxctories were relocated to the East
- By 1942, 56% of Russia's National Income was devoted to the War - higher than GB, France
- The Porduction of armaments almost doubled between 1941 and 1944
- Stalin initiated a new policy of relocating factories to the East in order to stop it falling into enemy hands
- The USSR was better prepared when it entered the war, compared to GB and France
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