Reasons for the fall of China 1949
- Created by: Jazzleberry01
- Created on: 12-11-17 13:07
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- Reasons for the Fall of China to Communism 1949
- Communist
- Mao Zedong- CCP Chinese Communist Party
- Mao's Leadership
- Communist
- Mao Zedong- CCP Chinese Communist Party
- Mao's Leadership
- More flexible than Jiang adjusting land reform policies to maximize support
- Played more effectively on Chinese nationalism
- Seemed more democratic willing to participate in coalitions and listen to people
- Mao's Leadership
- Communist appeal to the Peasantry
- Mao came from peasant stock and wooed peasants in a way that middle class Jiang
- Richer peasants constituted 10% of population but owned 70% of the land which forced poorer peasants to give between 50 & 80% of crops as rent and were in chronic debt
- Emphasis on equal distribution of wealth was great appeal for peasants
- Crucial battle of Xuzhou 1949 CCP aided by 2 million peasants
- Communist Military performance
- Eight Rules of Conduct- better relations between peasantry and soldiers
- Better at mobilizing whole population- those unable to fight sent to hand out propaganda
- Relied on Guerrilla strategy losing fewer men than GMD
- Used effective strategy of withdrawal- enticing enemy into over extenction of its forces in hasty and ill judged pursuit 1946
- Mao Zedong- CCP Chinese Communist Party
- More flexible than Jiang adjusting land reform policies to maximize support
- Played more effectively on Chinese nationalism
- Seemed more democratic willing to participate in coalitions and listen to people
- Communist
- Mao's Leadership
- Communist appeal to the Peasantry
- Mao came from peasant stock and wooed peasants in a way that middle class Jiang
- Richer peasants constituted 10% of population but owned 70% of the land which forced poorer peasants to give between 50 & 80% of crops as rent and were in chronic debt
- Emphasis on equal distribution of wealth was great appeal for peasants
- Crucial battle of Xuzhou 1949 CCP aided by 2 million peasants
- Communist Military performance
- Eight Rules of Conduct- better relations between peasantry and soldiers
- Better at mobilizing whole population- those unable to fight sent to hand out propaganda
- Relied on Guerrilla strategy losing fewer men than GMD
- Used effective strategy of withdrawal- enticing enemy into over extenction of its forces in hasty and ill judged pursuit 1946
- Mao Zedong- CCP Chinese Communist Party
- Nationalist
- Jiang Jieshi- GMD Guomindang
- US gave aid- 2 months after Japanese surrender gave $450 million
- Jiang's loss of the middle class
- They employed many of the corrupt bureaucrats who had served previous unpopular regimes
- GMD secret police repressive
- Unsuccessful economic policies
- Went back on promises
- Refused to cooperate with CCP
- Jiang's army
- After years of war- lost hundreds of thousands of men to death and desertion
- Desertion rate often ran at 70%
- Riddled with corruption- provoking rebellion in Taiwan in 1947
- Officers sold food on black market and left ordinary soldiers unfed
- Rice bags usually filled with sand
- Officers sold food on black market and left ordinary soldiers unfed
- Conscription policies hit peasantry hard and convinced them to switch allegiance to CCP
- Moral was low by final stages of war 1949- Generals surrendered Beijing to CCP without fight
- After years of war- lost hundreds of thousands of men to death and desertion
- Jiang's Strategy and Generals
- Made crucial and strategic errors
- 1946 sent too many troops into battle in Manchuria without gaining control in northern and central china which lay between Manchuria and GMD held southern China
- He refused to listen to his Generals warnings about such danger
- Was deeply suspicious of generals who were to successful but insufficiently suspicious of Communist spies in his camp
- Assistant Chief of Staff, General Liu Fei, ensured communists knew all forthcoming GMD military movements
- Made crucial and strategic errors
- Jiang Jieshi- GMD Guomindang
- Japanese Invasion
- Japanese cost Jiang many of his best troops and much of his money
- Allowed Mao and CCP to establish more fully in the countryside
- Damaged Jiang's reputation as a leader who could defend China
- Jiang's refusal to work with CCP put China in mortal danger and made him look less patriotic than Mao
- Communist
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