Reasons China fell to Communism (II)
- Created by: Alasdair
- Created on: 19-06-17 21:46
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- Reasons China fell to Communism (II)
- Mao's leadership
- Probably main reason why Communists won Chinese civil war
- Won more supporters that Jiang through his social and economic policies
- Was more flexible than Jiang, adjusting his land reform policies in order to maximise support
- Played more effectively upon Chinese nationalism than Jiang
- Had superior military strategy and trusted able generals such as Lin Biao
- Seemed far more democratic than Jiang in his willingness to participate in coalitions and to listen to the people
- Mao's propaganda rightly emphasised he was superior leader to Jiang Jieshi
- The impact of US and Soviet intervention
- Truman's Republican opponents maintained Communist victory was due to ample Soviet aid to Mao and to inadequate US aid to Jiang
- Neither assertion is correct
- Although Soviets helped CCP to acquire Japanese arms after Japanese surrender in 1945, Stalin was often a great handicap to Mao
- e.g. In 1949, Moscow ordered Communists not to cross Yangtze River. Mao ignored advice, proceeded south and finished off GMD resistance
- Although Soviets helped CCP to acquire Japanese arms after Japanese surrender in 1945, Stalin was often a great handicap to Mao
- Neither assertion is correct
- Furthermore, Soviet ambassador was one of the very last to recognise Communists were on verge of victory in 1949, remaining with Jiang until a very late stage
- Basically, Stalin remained true to his Yalta promise to support Jiang's government and he was neither keen on nor helpful to the CCP in the Chinese Civil War
- The Truman administration (1945-53) always knew that nothing short of full US military intervention would save Jiang and that such intervention would not be feasible because:
- American public demanded speedy demobilisation of American troops after defeat of Japan
- Containment of USSR in Europe was administrations priority between 1945 and 1949
- Too many American observers considered Jiang a hopeless case (e.g. Jiang's American chief of staff Joe Stilwell who referred to him as 'peanut')
- Truman's Republican opponents maintained Communist victory was due to ample Soviet aid to Mao and to inadequate US aid to Jiang
- Mao's leadership
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