Raine (Key Research)
- Created by: Former Member
- Created on: 25-02-18 18:37
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- Raine (Key Research)
- Theories/ Background
- Low activity pre-frontal cortex links to low resting heart rate
- Low arousal prevents it from doing abilities and leads to violent and criminal behavior
- Why low arousal
- Birth complications
- Mother drinking/ smoking during pregnancy
- Low resting heart rate
- Not fully devloped
- Nutrition
- Why low arousal
- Jobs
- Recieves infomation
- Informs limbic system when to deel fear
- Focuse attention
- Self-control
- Low arousal prevents it from doing abilities and leads to violent and criminal behavior
- Low activity pre-frontal cortex links to low resting heart rate
- Aim
- To investigate patterns of brain activity in murders compared to a matched ample of non-murders using PET scans
- Experimental Group
- Participants charged with murder/ manslaughter
- pleaded guilty by reasons of insanity
- 39 men, 2 women
- Age = 34.3
- 23 brian damage
- 6 schizophrenia
- 3 substance abuse
- 6 schizophrenia
- Participants charged with murder/ manslaughter
- Control Group
- Age = 31.7
- Matched or sex, age and similar ways e.g. schizophrenia
- Indepednent Variable
- Murderer or not
- Dependent Variable
- Brain activity + structure
- Results
- Murders had lower pre-frontal activity
- less activity in corpus callosum
- Murders had different levels of activity in amygdala
- Conclusions
- Areas with decreased activity linked to; lack of fear + self control, increased aggression
- Lead to acts of violence
- Raine said there are biological causes for violence that may depend on environmental triggers
- Areas with decreased activity linked to; lack of fear + self control, increased aggression
- Evaluation
- High validity - controlled study e.g. matched pairs
- Large sample for what they were investigating (NGRI)
- Reliable - objective measures (PET scans)
- Useful - preventable measures
- Restricted sample - can't say all crimes have biological basis
- Theories/ Background
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