Racial Policies to 1939 - Germany
- Created by: RConwa_y
- Created on: 19-05-18 13:17
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- Racial Policies to 1939
- Polices
- A propaganda campaign against undesirables to create resentment
- 1933 Sterilisation Law - the Law for Hereditary Diseased Offspring, which allowed for the sterilisation of the "simple minded", "alcholics" and those with schizophrenia. From 1934, 350,000 men were sterilised
- The Law against Dangerous Habitual Criminals (1933) which introduced compulsory castration for certain sexual offenders
- The Gestapo dealt with homosexuality - a law was introduced in 1935, which led to the arrest of 50,000 homosexuals
- By 1936, the work-shy, tramps, beggars, prostitutes, homosexuals and juvenile delinquents were sent to concentration camps
- The 1939 euthanasia campaign, where Nazis exterminated the mentally ill, led to the execution of 5,000 handicapped youth. The process was stopped in 1942, but restarted in secret - incurably physically ill people, racially inferior babies and the terminally ill were persecuted
- Asocials were put into forced labour
- Gypsies
- Gypsies were persecuted as non-Aryan, work-shy and homeless
- In 1935, gypsies were banned from marrying Germans
- In 1938, a "Decree for the Struggle against the Gypsy Plague" was issued - this was to ensure racial separation
- In 1939, 30,000 gypsies were deported to special sites in Poland
- Jews
- The First Phase - Origins: the development of Nazi ideology
- The Second Phase - Gradualism: during 1933-39, there was legal discrimination, terror, violence and formed emigration
- The Third Phase: Genocide
- Antisemitism: origins and gradualism
- Legal discrimination
- Laws gradually reduced Jewish rights, through propaganda, posters, newspapers (Der Stunmer) and films (The Eternal Jew)
- 01/04/1933 - Boycott of Jewish shops (not widely supported)
- 07/04/1933 - Law of Restoration of the Professional Civil Service, excluding Jews
- 1935 - Nuremberg Race Laws - Jews lost their citizenship, and marriage between Jews and Germans was forbidden
- 1938 - Jewish doctors not allowed to practise
- 1938 - Polish Jews expelled
- 1938 - Compulsory closure and sale of Jewish businesses
- Violence
- From 1934-38, violence was localised and sporadic
- In March 1938, there were attacks on 200,000 Jews in Vienna. On 9-10 October, a coordinated campaign was launched known as Kristallnacht
- Jewish homes, businesses and synagogues were attacked. Around 100 Jews were killed
- Emigration
- In 1938, the Central Office for Jewish Emigration in Vienna was established under Adolf Eichmann to force Jews to emigrate
- The establishment of the Reich Central Office for Jewish Emigration in 1939. About 50% of Jews left before the war
- Legal discrimination
- Polices
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