psychopathology evaluation
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- Created by: 14lquinn
- Created on: 26-03-20 09:28
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- psychopathology evaluation
- statistical deviation
- real life application: simple means of assessing patients
- unusual characteristics can be positive: don't require treatment e.g. high IQ
- not everyone unusual benefits form label: some people with low IQ function adequately
- deviation from social norms
- not sole explanation: other factors matter e.g. distress to others
- cultural relativism: unfair to judge someone from another culture
- can lead to human rights abusues: social norm approach maintains control over minority groups e.g. women
- failure to function adequately
- patientl's perspective: captures experience of people with mental distress problems
- is it deviation form social norms?: alternative lifestyles or doing extreme sports may be examples of both
- subjective judgements: matter of opinion during assessment
- deviation from ideal mental health
- comprehensive definition: includes all the reasons anyone might seek help
- cultural relativism: ideas specific to western cultures e.g. self-actualisation
- universally high standard of mental health: few people achieve all or even most of criteria at same time
- phobias bhvrl. explanation
- good explanatory power: explains how phobias can be aquired + maintained
- alternative expln. for avoidance: may be motivated more by seeking safety than anxiety reduction
- incomplete explanation: cannot account for preparedness to aquire phobias of some stimuli + not others
- phobia treatments
- FLOODING
- cost-effective: quicker + more effective = cheaper
- less effective for some: less effective for complex phobias e.g social phobias
- traumatic: drop out rate high = ineffective
- SYST. DESENS.
- effective: more effective than relaxation alone after 33 months (Gilroy et al)
- diverse range of patients: e.g. appropriate for patients with learning difficulties
- acceptable to patients: patients prefer to flooding so drop-out rates are lower
- FLOODING
- depression explanations (cognitive)
- BECK'S THEORY
- supporting evidence: solid support for idea that certain cognitions make us vulnerable to depression (Clark + Beck)
- practical application in CBT: negative thoughts can be identified + challenged by therapist
- doesn't explain all aspects: canniot easily explain extremes of anger or hallucinations + delusions
- ELLIS'S ABC MODEL
- partial explanation: not all cases follow life events
- practical application in CBT: irrational thoughts can be identified + challenged by therapist
- doesn't explain all aspects: cannot easily explain extremes of anger or hallucinations + delusions
- BECK'S THEORY
- depression treatment
- CBT
- effective: significntly more effective than no treatment
- may not work for most severe cases: not effectuve when patients are too depressed to engage witn therapy
- patient-therapist relationship: all therapies fairly similar
- CBT
- OCD explanations (biological)
- GENETIC
- NEURAL
- supporting evidence: antidepressants that work on serotonin system alleviate OCD
- not clear what mechanisms are involved: all neural systems associated with OCD are only involved in some cases
- shouldn't assume neural mechanisms cause OCD: neural abnormalities may be result of OCD not cause
- OCD treatment
- DRUG THERAPY
- effective at tackling systems: SSRIs are superior to placebos in treating OCD (Soomro et al)
- cost-effective: compared to psychological treatmtents, drugs are cheap + non-disruptive
- side effects: indigestion, blurred vision, loss of sex drive
- more effective in combination with CBT
- DRUG THERAPY
- statistical deviation
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