Psychopathology 1 (pg 136-142)
- Created by: emg02
- Created on: 26-08-20 10:00
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- Psychopathology 1 (pg 136-142)
- Definitions of Abnormality
- Statistical Infrequency
- when someone's behaviours are rare, and this can be shown through statistics. When an individual has a less common characteristic ie. being more or less intelligent than most of the population
- Unusual characteristics can be positive
- Deviation from Social Norms
- When a person behaves in a way that is different from society's expectations of behaviour. When someone is not coping with experiencing severe personal distress.
- Human rights can be abused if people are labeled and classed as abnormal
- Failure to Function Adequately
- They no longer conform to interpersonal standards ie. maintaining eye contact. When they experience severe distress. When their behaviour becomes irrational and poses risk to themselves and others
- Represents a threshold for help
- Ftfa can be normal ie. period of bereavment
- Deviation from Ideal Mental Health
- Concerns behaviour that is different from the accepted standards of behaviour in a community or society
- May cause discrimination
- Complete imh is impossible
- May cause discrimination
- Jahoda (1958) suggested ideal mental health means: no symptoms of distress; rationality and of perception; self-actualisiation; good self-esteem and lack of guilt; independent of others; successful in work, love and leisure; copes well with stress
- Concerns behaviour that is different from the accepted standards of behaviour in a community or society
- Statistical Infrequency
- Phobias
- Types of phobias
- Specific phobia: of an object ie. body part, animal, or situation such as flying/ injections.
- Social Anxiety (social phobia): Of a social situation ie. public speaking
- Agoraphobia: Of being outside or in a public place
- Characteristics
- Behavioural characteristics
- Emotional characteristics
- Cognitive characteristics
- Selective attention to the phobic stimulus ie. Struggling to look away
- Irrational beliefs ie. beliefs not easily explained or grounded in reality abut the phobic stimulus
- Cognitive distortions ie. perceptions of the phobic stimulus may be unrealistic and inaccurate
- Types of phobias
- Depression
- Types of Depression
- Major depressive disorder
- Persistent depressive disorder
- Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
- Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
- Characteristics
- Behavioural characteristics
- Reduced activity and energy levels
- Agitation can also occur = hyperactivity
- Disruption to sleeping and eating behaviour
- Aggression and self-harm
- Reduced activity and energy levels
- Emotional characteristics
- Lowered mood ie. low levels of serotonin
- Anger ie. can lead to risky behaviour such as self-harm
- Lowered self-esteem ie. some can loathe themselves in extreme cases
- Cognitive characteristics
- Poor concentration ie. decision-making is often found harder
- Attending to and dwelling on the negative
- Absolutist thinking ie. black and white
- Behavioural characteristics
- Types of Depression
- Definitions of Abnormality
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