Psychology
- Created by: Josephine Hughes
- Created on: 13-12-14 12:43
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- Psychology
- Research methods
- Theory
- Based on what people have found in studies
- its just an idea until you have done the study
- When you have done a lot of studies this when you can come up with your theory
- Study
- tests that we carry out
- they are usually carried out on people- but sometimes animals
- Research
- means both study and theory
- In exam you can writ about the study and theory of a question that askes about research
- Theory
- Designing Psychological Investigations
- Aim
- A general research area you want to investigate
- Can be investigating a difference or a similarity
- When writing a question on it start with " To investigate..."
- Hypothesis
- A prediction of what you think you will find in your study
- Needs to be testable, precise and operationalised
- doing a experiment- EXPERIMENTAL hypothesis
- if your not doing an experiment- ALTERNATIVE hypothesis
- Directional/ One tailed hypothesis
- When you say what the direction of the effect will be
- Non directional/ two tailed hypothesis
- When you just say that there will be a difference/ relationship but you do not say what that difference will be
- Null hypothesis
- This is the hypothesis that says that there will be no difference between conditions
- Independent variable
- The variable we manipulate
- Dependent variable
- The variable we measure
- Operationalisation
- The hypothesis, IV and DV should all be operationalized
- means to put abstract concepts into concrete measurable concepts
- Putting the variables into a form that they can be tested
- Extraneous Variables
- Variables that could potentially have an effect on the DV, other than the IV
- this could potentially lower internal validity
- Confounding variable
- found after the study
- these are variables that HAVE been found to have affected the DV.
- These do lower the internal validity of the study
- Constant error
- something that did effect the DV
- the same in both conditions
- doesn't necessarily lower internal validity
- Aim
- Research methods
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