Psychology Unit 2 Learning
Does not include definitions and studies.
- Created by: nacholuckyday
- Created on: 21-03-17 21:42
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- Learning
- Classical Conditioning
- Pavlov (dog salivation)
- Watson and Rayner (Little Albert)
- Practical applications
- We are more likely to buy a product if a favourable association is built between the advert and the product
- Operant conditioning
- Thorndike (cat puzzle box)
- Skinner (rat)
- Danger->Fear UCS -->UCR
- Spider-->Fear CS-->CR
- The spider must have been present when something scary happened
- Spider-->Fear CS-->CR
- Treatment of phobias
- Flooding
- Ethical implications
- Person loses their right to withdraw
- Stressful procedure
- Difficult to protect the client and avoid harming them
- Ethical implications
- Systematic desensitisation
- The person with the phobia is taught to relax. The person and the therapist build a hierarchy of fears. The person gradually moves through the heirachy
- Ethical implications
- Children often treated with this method (as flooding can be too stressful
- Person has the right to withdraw
- No deception, less stressful
- Takes longer than flooding but is an effective treatment
- Can cost more as there is more than one sessions of therapy
- Flooding
- Aversion therapy
- An emetic is given to produce the vomiting reflex
- The patient's desire decreases and the addiction is overcome
- Evaluation
- can be unpleasant for the person who has the treatment
- Ethical issues have to be balanced against the possible benefits
- Not always successful
- Unless given additional support, they are likely to go back to their addictive behaviour once the treatment stops
- An emetic is given to produce the vomiting reflex
- Token economy programs
- Set up in some hospitals to reward socially acceptable behaviour
- Evaluation
- Have produced improvements in behaviour for patients
- They possibly only focus on the reward rather than on improving their behaviour
- if reward is not immediate then the association is lost
- Classical Conditioning
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