PSYCHOLOGY - Behaviour modification in custody
- Created by: EmilyEther
- Created on: 25-02-19 15:03
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- Behaviour modification in custody
- Using OC
- positive reinforcement
- getting rewards for doing duties / good behaviour
- negative reinforcement
- avoiding a negative outcome eg. more time in cell
- punishment
- positive reinforcement
- Token economies (Ayllon and Azrin)
- prisoners rewarded tokens for desirable behavs. Tokens can be traded for rewards / privileges eg. time on internet
- works best in 'closed' institutions due to rules and expectations set out clearly and monitored
- Evaluation (A03)
- something must be offered of value (primary reinforcers)
- inconsistency - prisoners may change behaviour around certain guards who give tokens
- guards may judge behaviour differently - unfair
- too much power to prisoner guards
- withholding privileges may conflict with human rights (eg. clean bedding, toilet etc)
- one US programme was shut down
- BLACKBURN - good for maintaining discipline but no rehabilitative value
- ethics - conjugal visits release sexual and physical violence but are not permitted in the UK and only used in 6 American states
- some privileges (eg. playstation) may be awarded to prisoners that people outside who have never committed a crime don't have one - unfair
- Research
- HOBBS - 125 young offenders with token economy compared to control group. Tokens for social interactions, rule following and task completion. Over 14 months, 27% increase in social behavs, no change in control group
- AYLLON - TE promote desirable behav in prisons, but not applied after prison time
- COHEN - reduced recidivism after 2 yrs but not 3
- Using OC
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