Cognitive Explanation of Schizophrenia (Psychological)
- Created by: Lisgoe
- Created on: 05-11-14 17:39
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- Psychological Explanation of Schizophrenia
- Cognitive skills thought to be absent in Sz sufferers
- Absence of selective attention mechanisms
- Unable to dissociate internal and external information
- Lack the understanding of others' social signals and intentions
- Cognitive theorists assume cognitive deficits are due to underlying physiological abnormalities
- Meaning neurological and cognitive ideas are combined into a neuro-psychological model
- Frith's Model
- Proposes Sz sufferers unable to distinguish between
- Actions influenced by external forcers
- Compared to those driven by internal intentions
- Conscious Processing
- Highest level of cognitive processing
- In full subjective awareness
- Limited capacity to deal with higher-order processes
- So we can only carry one HO task at a time
- Highest level of cognitive processing
- Preconcious Processing
- Without awareness
- Automatic
- Can be performed simultaneously
- If the filter between the two breaks
- Information can be passed into conscious awareness
- Ability to be aware of our own goals, intentions, and ability to understand those of others
- Sz's unable to understand who they are and what they want
- Impaired inferior mind
- Lead to delusions of control
- Impaired inferior mind
- Sz's unable to understand who they are and what they want
- Can cause delusions of reference
- Unable to tell if someone is talking to them or not
- Cause paranoia
- Unable to tell if a sound is communication or not
- Cause paranoia
- Unable to tell if someone is talking to them or not
- Evaluation
- Provided evidence
- Demonstrating changes in cerebral blood flow in Sz's brains
- Whilst engaged in specific cognitive tasks
- Demonstrating changes in cerebral blood flow in Sz's brains
- Model hasn't received universal support
- As it fails to consider environmental factors
- Provided evidence
- Proposes Sz sufferers unable to distinguish between
- Suggests that individuals try to make sense of their experiences
- The paranoia and delusions begin to develop
- E.g. when a person initially has sensory disturbances (hearing voices)
- Ask for help
- When they can't help, they may think that others are hiding the truth
- become paranoid and develop increasingly delusional beliefs
- When they can't help, they may think that others are hiding the truth
- Ask for help
- E.g. when a person initially has sensory disturbances (hearing voices)
- The paranoia and delusions begin to develop
- Helmsley's Model
- Symptoms arise from disconnection between stored knowledge and current sensory input
- Schemas
- Small packets of information
- Understanding the world
- What to expect when we perform certain activities and what to pay attention to
- Understanding the world
- Small packets of information
- Sz's aren't able to differentiate schemas with new information
- So they don't know which stimuli to attend to and which to ignore
- Internal events are misinterpreted as sensations due to external stimuli
- Cause hallucinations
- Internal events are misinterpreted as sensations due to external stimuli
- So they don't know which stimuli to attend to and which to ignore
- Evaluation
- No unequivocal evidence to support Helmsley's Model
- Cognitive skills thought to be absent in Sz sufferers
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