Psychological explanations for SZ

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  • Psychologicalexplanations for schizophrenia
    • Expressed emotion
      • High levels of negative emotion which is expressed by the carer to a person with SZ. This explains why SZ patients relapse and may be a stress source in the diathesis-stress model
    • Double-bind  theory
      • Bateson’s theory that mixed messages from a parent figure about what is right or wrong, and leading to withdrawal of live when this is ‘wrong’ is a factor which contributes to the development of SZ
    • Schizophrenic mother
      • Fromm-Reichmann’s theory that a cold, rejecting and controlling mother which creates a distrustful and tense family climate is a cause of SZ in an individual.
    • Dysfunctionalthought processing
      • A cognitive explanation which suggests that there are two main dysfunctional processes which may cause SZ symptoms
        • Central control: the cognitive ability to suppress automatic responses to perform deliberate actions instead. Derailment of thoughts, seemingly ‘blurting’ and disorganised speech and thought patterns are due to a poor central control in schizophrenicindividuals
        • Meta representation: the cognitive ability to reflect on our own thoughts and behaviours, and interpret the actions of others. Metarepresentaitonal dysfunction may cause an individual to believe they are not in control of their own actions  leading to the development of positive symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions

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