Psychodynamic approach
- Created by: Ribena the great
- Created on: 16-04-22 11:08
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- psychodynamic approach
- Sigmund Freud
- instincts and drives motivate behaviour
- eros - life instinct directing life sustaining activities such as eating
- Thanatos - death instinct drives destructive forces like aggression
- unconscious and personality structure
- conscious mind - we can access this part of the mind, thoughts currently in focus
- preconscious mind - made up of that can come into focus at any time like memories
- unconscious mind - vast store of biological drives and instincts influencing our behaviour that can't be accessed
- id - 0-18 months
- mass of unconscious drives following pleasure principle
- ego - 18 months - 3 years
- conscious, rational mind working on reality princple which accommodates needs of environment and balances id and superego
- superego - 3 years - 6 years
- works on morality principle feeling guilt and influencing your behaviour
- morals are developed by child adopting values of same sex parents through identification and then internalising them
- works on morality principle feeling guilt and influencing your behaviour
- defence mechanisms
- freud says anxiety weaken ego which is needed to balance so defence mechanisms are used subconsciously
- repression
- an unpleasant memory is pushed to the unconscious mind where it is not accessible
- denial
- refusal to accept the reality of an unpleasant situation
- displacement
- focus of strong emotion is expressed onto a neutral being
- free association
- therapy technique of psychodynamic approach where words are read out and you immediately respond with what comes into mind
- advantages - resistance shows client is getting close to repressed ideas
- disadvantages - if patient is resistant and reluctant, their thoughts won't be useful
- freud believed that you can 'cure' by making unconscious thought conscious
- psychosexual stages of development
- drives in unconscious mind are dictated by experieneces at varying pints of development
- Fixation - a result of a child experiencing severe problems or pleasure at a stage
- Regression - adults experiencing stress later in life are likely to regress to stage they were fixated as a child
- Oral stage - 0-18m
- child will enjoy sucking and swallowing and when develops teeth, oral aggressive - biting and chewing
- Anal stage - 18m-3y
- age when potty training occurs,infant wil have pelasure from defaction
- Phallic stage - 3-6 years
- Penis envy for girls (electra complex) and boys experience oedipus complex
- Latent stage - 6-11 years
- libido is displaced throughout body and child just focuses on being a child
- Genital stage - 12 years +
- libido back in genitals and stays here for life
- Advantages
- strengthens case for childrens rights reform as childhood is important for life
- freuds ideas are still used by some psychologists so they have some merit and validity
- Disadvantages
- most patients were wealthy viennese
- methods don't meet scientific criterion and are falsifiable meaning they can't be empirically tested
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