Proteins - their Functions & Uses
- Created by: Ashleigh Hockenhull
- Created on: 28-04-15 17:19
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- Proteins - their Functions and Uses
- Proteins
- protein molecules: made from long chains of amino acids
- chains folded into specific 3-D shape, allows other molecules to fit into the protein
- act as: structural components of tissues, such as muscles
- hormones
- antibodies
- catalysts
- protein molecules: made from long chains of amino acids
- enzymes
- enzymes r biological catalysts made from proteins
- catalysts increase rate of chemical reactions
- shape of an enzyme vital for its function
- high temps. change the shape of most enzymes
- enzymes r biological catalysts made from proteins
- enzymes outside body cells
- some enzymes work outside body cells
- digestive enzymes produced by specialized cells in glands & in lining of the gut
- the enzymes work as follows
- 1. they pass out of the cells into digestive system
- 2. they come into contact w food molecules
- 3. they catalyze breakdown of large food molecules into smaller molecules
- 2. they come into contact w food molecules
- 1. they pass out of the cells into digestive system
- the digestive enzymes protease, lipase & amalyse r produced in 4 different regions of the digestive system: salivary glands, stomach, pancrease & small intestine
- the enzymes digest proteins, fats & carbs to produce smaller molecules that can b absorbed easily into the bloodstream
- amylase; is produced in salivary glands, pancreas & small intestine, digests starch & produces sugars in mouth & small intestine
- protease; produced in stomach, pancreas & small intestine, digest proteins & produces amino acids in stomach & small intestine
- lipase; produced in pancrease & small intestine, digests lipds & produces fatty acids & glycerol in small intestine
- the enzymes work as follows
- enzymes outside of body
- bile produced in ur liver. stored in ur gall bladder bfore being released into small intestine
- bile neutralises the acid that is added to food in ur stomach - produces alkaline conditions which enzymes in small intestine work best
- uses of enzymes
- in the home, biological detergents...
- may contain protease enzymes, to break down blood & food stains
- may contain lipase enzymes, to break down oil & grease stains
- are more effective at lower temps. than other types of detergents
- in industry various enzymes are used, such as...
- proteases, to 'pre-digest' protein in some baby foods
- carbohydrases, 2 convert starch into sugar syrup
- isomerase, 2 convert glucose syrup into fructose syrup, which is sweeter & can be used in small quantities in slimming foods
- enzymes are used in industry to bring about reactions at normal temps. & oressures
- in the home, biological detergents...
- Proteins
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