Proof & Probability

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  • Proof & Probability
    • Probability: Event or thing that is likely to happen; most likely conclusion
      • Measures relative likelihood of an event taking place or circumstances unfolding in a particular way - judgements
      • 'a posteriori', synthetic & inductive: based on premises drawn from experience, which don't contain the conclusion within the premises
        • 'A Posteriori' statements: requires evidence (from the world) to support; it is empirically based; not necessarily based on logic
        • Inductive Reasoning: makes a conclusion based on a set of experiences or data; works from a number of instances to infer a general rule, e.g. the Teleological & Cosmological arguments; a posteriori, therefore not logically necessarily; not specifically linked to God (God is not necessarily the conclusion)
          • Weak:~ Relies on accepting the nature of the evidence presented~ Demands overwhelmingly good reasons for accepting that one conclusion is most likely~ Alternative conclusions may be just as likely
          • Strong:~ Relies on experience, therefore it can be universal & testable~ Flexible - more than one possible conclusion~ Doesn't demand that we accept definitions as fixed
    • Theism is the belief in God; establishes truths about God on the basis of other truths which are accessible
      • Mysteries of faith are truths about God which cannot be established as such by grounding them in or deriving from what anyone knows

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