Prokaryotic Cells
- Created by: OliviaEmma03
- Created on: 19-10-20 12:24
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- Prokaryotic Cells
- Virus Cells
- A-Cellular, exists as a 'virion' on the outside host
- Sized between 200-300 um
- Contain nucleic acids in the form of DNA/RNA and can only replicate inside a living host
- They take over the host cells metabolic rate
- Nucleic acid is enclosed in a capsid
- Sub-units of capsids are capsomeres
- Some also have a lipid envelope which contain attachment proteins which the cell uses to find and attach to the host
- They are smaller than eukaryotic cells and have no nucleus ot nuclear envelope
- The genetic material is located in circular strands called plasmids
- ATP production occurs in infolded regions of the cell membrane called mesosomes
- Have no membrane bound organelles
- Bacteria Cells
- Cell Wall:
- Made of Murein, a polymer of polysaccharides and peptides
- Provides the cell with a physical barrier that excludes certain substances and protects the cell from osmotic lysis
- Capsule
- Provides further protection
- Secretes a mucilaginous slime that allows bacteria to stick together
- Circular DNA
- The genetic material of the cell
- Plasmids
- Separate pieces of DNA
- Able to reproduce themselves
- Give the cell resistance to chemical antibodies because they can produce enzymes that breakdown antibiotics
- Vectors in genetic engineering
- 70s Ribosomes
- Cell membrane
- Flagella
- Aids movement of the cell around the body. Not all prokaryotic cells have one
- Cell Wall:
- Virus Cells
- They are smaller than eukaryotic cells and have no nucleus ot nuclear envelope
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