Process of Infection

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  • Created by: Chlo8
  • Created on: 13-03-22 13:56
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  • Process of Infection
    • Colonization
      • Infectious microorganisms exist in reservoirs
        • Transmitted via direct contact, direct exposure or indirectly through vectors
          • Human-to-human transmission by aerosolized microorganisms in droplets
            • After deposit in receptive environment - microorganism stabilises adherence to the tissue through specific surface receptors
    • Invasion
      • Infectious agent can invade surrounding tissue/ other sites
        • Developed mechanisms to penetrate tissues and avoid host's nonspecific and specific defences
    • Multiplication
      • Warm, nutrient filled host environment
        • Undergo rapid multiplication - replicate within infected cells; replicate in microphages and other cells.
    • Spread
      • Produce localised infections without spread to other regions of the body
        • Others highly invasive - may enter lymphatics, blood, internal organs.
          • Successful spread - relies on virulence factors - adhesion molecules, toxins and protection against host's inflammatory and immune system
            • If host has: Intact immune system- microorganism remains localised. Immune or inflammatory system compromised - infection may rapidly spread.

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