Roles of the President
- Created by: Isteww
- Created on: 10-05-17 18:24
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- Presidential Roles
- Head of State
- symbolic head of state and as such is a focal point of loyalty
- ceremonial functions ranging from visiting foreign countries to attending important national occasions
- these are opportunities for favourable media coverage give him advantage over opponents for he can speak and act in a Presidential way
- significant influence because the President can mobilise patriotic feeling in support of his measures by "wrapping himself in the flag"
- these are opportunities for favourable media coverage give him advantage over opponents for he can speak and act in a Presidential way
- ceremonial functions ranging from visiting foreign countries to attending important national occasions
- symbolic head of state and as such is a focal point of loyalty
- Chief Executive
- The ability of the President to execute laws is laid down in Article 2 of the Constitution "The executive power shall be vested in a President of the United States
- To carry this out the President is in charge of a vast Federal bureaucracy , he is also head of EXOP "principle instruments Presidential govt.
- As Chief Executive he also has the role of appointing executive branch officials and top federal judges i.e. SC justices This gives him chance to wield influence over future decisions made in the court
- To carry this out the President is in charge of a vast Federal bureaucracy , he is also head of EXOP "principle instruments Presidential govt.
- The ability of the President to execute laws is laid down in Article 2 of the Constitution "The executive power shall be vested in a President of the United States
- Chief Legislator
- Although the President is not part of the legislative branch, he has the Constitutional right to recommend measures to Congress
- In the 20th Century, Presidents increasingly found themselves in the position of producing a package to encourage the legislature
- They have used the State of the Union Address every January to present their annual programme and today most measures passed by Congress have their origins in the executive branch (this depends on the political situation)
- Presidentscan also use the Presidential veto as a means of blocking unwanted policies
- Presidential veto- a power vested in Article 2 of the Constitution by which he may return a bill to Congress unsigned, along with reasons for his objection. Congress may override this by a two-thirds majority in both houses
- Pocket veto
- One Line Veto
- Presidentscan also use the Presidential veto as a means of blocking unwanted policies
- They have used the State of the Union Address every January to present their annual programme and today most measures passed by Congress have their origins in the executive branch (this depends on the political situation)
- Executive Orders this derives from the Constitutions requirement that the President "shall take care that the laws are faithfully executed"
- EO are a powerful weapon in defining and expanding executive power
- They have increasingly used that power to construct and promote social policies on some of the most controversial issues, from Civil Rights to labor relations to reproductive health
- EO are a powerful weapon in defining and expanding executive power
- In the 20th Century, Presidents increasingly found themselves in the position of producing a package to encourage the legislature
- Although the President is not part of the legislative branch, he has the Constitutional right to recommend measures to Congress
- Head of Party
- The President is the leader of his or her own party. Although the Presidentscontrol is limited due to decentralised nature of American political parties he can use party identification to gain support in Congress if they are of the same party, but in the case of Clinton this did not guarantee support even in the first 2 years when he had a Congressional majority
- Chief Diplomat
- power to develop relations with representatives of foreign powers, appoint ambassadors to those countries and sign treaties that become effective once the Senate has consented by a 2/3rd majority
- Presidentshave been able to get around asking the Senate for approval by calling treaties EO. Some times known as "arrangements" or "accords" e.g. Nixon with Vietnam. Since Nixon there have been an average of 30 treaties and 250 executive agreements per year
- In the post war years, Presidentshave become the initiator and executor of foreign policy. Although Congress officially declares war, there is a presidential primacy in this area and this has provided incumbents with a formidablesource of influence and power, doing much to enhance or diminish their political stature at home
- Presidentshave been able to get around asking the Senate for approval by calling treaties EO. Some times known as "arrangements" or "accords" e.g. Nixon with Vietnam. Since Nixon there have been an average of 30 treaties and 250 executive agreements per year
- power to develop relations with representatives of foreign powers, appoint ambassadors to those countries and sign treaties that become effective once the Senate has consented by a 2/3rd majority
- Commander in Chief
- use might of armed forces that makes a FP credible
- Presidentshave very extensive powers in wartime, deciding went to intervene abroad. They have embarked on intervention in episodes ranging from wars in Korea to Vietnam, deploying troops as necessary
- In reaction to Presidential war-making in Vietnam. Congress passed War Powers Act 1973 to curb Presidential freedom
- The Case Act 1972- Forced Presidentsto inform Congress of all executive agreements made with foreign states
- it's effectiveness to limit the power of the President is questionable and Presidentsfrom Reagan to Clinton have basically ignored the limitations imposed on them. President Bush described it as "unconstitutional" and 3 years later in sending troops to Haiti
- War Powers Act 1973- attempted to limit Presidents' use of troops unless Congress declared war or gave 'specific statutory authorisation'
- it's effectiveness to limit the power of the President is questionable and Presidentsfrom Reagan to Clinton have basically ignored the limitations imposed on them. President Bush described it as "unconstitutional" and 3 years later in sending troops to Haiti
- The Case Act 1972- Forced Presidentsto inform Congress of all executive agreements made with foreign states
- In reaction to Presidential war-making in Vietnam. Congress passed War Powers Act 1973 to curb Presidential freedom
- Presidentshave very extensive powers in wartime, deciding went to intervene abroad. They have embarked on intervention in episodes ranging from wars in Korea to Vietnam, deploying troops as necessary
- use might of armed forces that makes a FP credible
- Voice of the people in world affairs
- Protector of peace i.e. intervening in race riots
- Head of State
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