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  • Created by: Jess
  • Created on: 18-09-15 17:40
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  • Poverty theories
    • Structural/cultural/individual choices
      • = constraints, prohibit people from making money (enough money to life you out of poverty level)
      • Most sociologists/ econs focus on structure!
      • Think - W - structurally constrained by types of jobs can have - stay home have kids
      • Theories - think when they are applicable & when they are not!
    • Temporal conditions of poverty
      • conditional; limited by a time period.
        • P assoc w/:  1) industry - e.g agriculture  2) spells - e.g sacked  3) P for a v long period of time/ entire life course
    • Poverty can be relative
      • Relative  diff's in P; e.g v concentrated forms of p in East Coast/ mid West - housing projects; more horizontal not vertical in E.C
      • Way calculate P - ability to have a basic life - W. Europe, N.America is relative
      • Two degrees of P =              -RELATIVE (I'm poor & I''m struggling)     -destitution
      • P method - estimated no. of poor in a group surveys (look at income) determine how many nationwide
      • Victor Fuchs says; should take median income of a country - 1/2 - definition of p (BUT median is not half, only middle no)
    • Individual based theory
      • poor or not - genetic based     low IQ - limited opportunity
      • Hernstein & murray - Bell curve theory - intelligence one of if not most imp fators to success! (40-80% inherited
      • Low intelligence - more prone to be ivolved w/ crime &  have children
      • W genetically less smart than men - IQ
      • Some soc's promote ideas of indiv basis
      • intelligence is immutable & soc policy is important
      • Retardation (extreme end of bell curve): placement in repetitive jobs, wards of the state
    • Structural basis
      • (deinitley prominent in Boo's book
      • Structures operate outside the individual!
      • People form institutions -
        • Institutions form structures
          • Structures create rules of movement (eg. soially, occupat. - LIMIT OR EXPAND OPTIOS) - e.g = slavery, not a matter of intelligence etc.
            • W considered same as slave = structural
    • Cultural
      • Culture represents; language, R, customs, food/clothing/ values & a world view
      • Ethnic culture
        • Certain ethnic groups have cultures that help & or hurt socioecon. advancement?
        • sociology deals w/ group tendancies
          • Stereotypes don't come from nowhere; problem is that they may differ from the norm
        • groups more prone to being poor or not?(R groups, castes)
          • Attributes help to explain this? - value on maintenance of tradit culture, e.g. Amish       But distinction of traditionalism & poverty
          • Are there cultures that are corrupt? (e.g travllers) C's superior for the market place?
      • - value systems

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