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- Created by: Jess
- Created on: 18-09-15 17:40
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- Poverty theories
- Structural/cultural/individual choices
- = constraints, prohibit people from making money (enough money to life you out of poverty level)
- Most sociologists/ econs focus on structure!
- Think - W - structurally constrained by types of jobs can have - stay home have kids
- Theories - think when they are applicable & when they are not!
- Temporal conditions of poverty
- conditional; limited by a time period.
- P assoc w/: 1) industry - e.g agriculture 2) spells - e.g sacked 3) P for a v long period of time/ entire life course
- conditional; limited by a time period.
- Poverty can be relative
- Relative diff's in P; e.g v concentrated forms of p in East Coast/ mid West - housing projects; more horizontal not vertical in E.C
- Way calculate P - ability to have a basic life - W. Europe, N.America is relative
- Two degrees of P = -RELATIVE (I'm poor & I''m struggling) -destitution
- P method - estimated no. of poor in a group surveys (look at income) determine how many nationwide
- Victor Fuchs says; should take median income of a country - 1/2 - definition of p (BUT median is not half, only middle no)
- Individual based theory
- poor or not - genetic based low IQ - limited opportunity
- Hernstein & murray - Bell curve theory - intelligence one of if not most imp fators to success! (40-80% inherited
- Low intelligence - more prone to be ivolved w/ crime & have children
- W genetically less smart than men - IQ
- Some soc's promote ideas of indiv basis
- intelligence is immutable & soc policy is important
- Retardation (extreme end of bell curve): placement in repetitive jobs, wards of the state
- Structural basis
- (deinitley prominent in Boo's book
- Structures operate outside the individual!
- People form institutions -
- Institutions form structures
- Structures create rules of movement (eg. soially, occupat. - LIMIT OR EXPAND OPTIOS) - e.g = slavery, not a matter of intelligence etc.
- W considered same as slave = structural
- Structures create rules of movement (eg. soially, occupat. - LIMIT OR EXPAND OPTIOS) - e.g = slavery, not a matter of intelligence etc.
- Institutions form structures
- Cultural
- Culture represents; language, R, customs, food/clothing/ values & a world view
- Ethnic culture
- Certain ethnic groups have cultures that help & or hurt socioecon. advancement?
- sociology deals w/ group tendancies
- Stereotypes don't come from nowhere; problem is that they may differ from the norm
- groups more prone to being poor or not?(R groups, castes)
- Attributes help to explain this? - value on maintenance of tradit culture, e.g. Amish But distinction of traditionalism & poverty
- Are there cultures that are corrupt? (e.g travllers) C's superior for the market place?
- - value systems
- Structural/cultural/individual choices
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