Polymers
- Created by: zachary hyams
- Created on: 01-03-20 11:41
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- Polymers
- Polymers = A substance made up from very large molecules made up of many repeating units
- Monomers = small reactive molecules that react together in repeating sequences to form a very large molecule
- Plastics are made of very large, covalently bonded molecules called polymers
- The Large polymer molecules are made when many small monomers join together
- The reaction between Alkene monomers to form a polymer is called addition polymerisation
- In addition polymers, the repeating unit has the same atoms as the monomers, because when the C=C bond opens up in polymerisation no other molecule is formed in the reaction
- Condensation Polymerisation usually involves a small molecule released in the reaction as the polymer forms
- The monomers used to make the simplest condensation polymers are usually two different monomers, with two of the same functional groups on each monomers
- Polyesters are formed from the condensation polymerisation of a diol and dicarboxylic acid, with H20 given off in the reaction
- Simple carbohydrates(monosaccharides) polymerise to make polymers such as starch and cellulose
- Proteins are polymers made from different amino acid monomers
- Amino acids have an acidic and a basic functional group in the same molecule
- Amino acids react together during condensation polymerisation to make polypeptides and proteins mad of long sequences of different monomers
- Thermosoftening polymers = Polymer that forms plastics which can be softened by heating
- Monomers affect the properties of the polymers they produce
- Thermosetting polymers = Polymer that can form extensive cross - linking between chains, resulting in in rigid materials that are heat resistant
- Changing reaction conditions can also change the properties of t he polymer that is produced
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