Pollution L10 - Pesticide Pollution
- Created by: Hadley023
- Created on: 20-03-19 13:15
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- Different groups of insecticides
- Organo-chlorides
- Effects
- High toxicity to insects - killed many non-target species.
- High persistence and liposolubility allowed DDT to bio-accumulated and bio-magnify.
- DDT remained in the environment for decades.
- High mammal toxicity means farm workers are at risk.
- Chronic exposure to low doses is also associated with impaired memory, depression, behavioural changes, ADHD and Alzheimer's.
- Some are suspected carcinogens.
- Mode of action
- Opens sodium gates in the nerve cells so that the nerve keeps firing
- Properties
- High insect toxicity
- Low mammal toxicity
- Persistent and liposoluble
- Low water solubility
- Effects
- Pyrethroids
- Effects
- Still kills non-target species e.g. bees and butterflies
- Toxic to fish - so should not be used near rivers
- Mode of action
- Similar to DDT (organo-chloride)
- Properties
- Not persistent or liposoluble
- Low mammal toxicity
- Synthetic insecticide developed from natural pyrethrin insecticide extracted from plants
- Effects
- Neo-nicotinoids
- Effects
- Very toxic to bees
- Synergistic action with some fungicides
- Toxic effects most likely when they are sprayed onto the crop or when neo-nicotinoid dust is carried by the wind
- Mode of action
- Neurotoxins, inhibiting the action of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine
- Most widely used insecticides and are chemically similar to nicotine
- High insect toxicity but low invertebrate toxicity as they cannot cross the blood-brain barrier
- Relatively persistent and lipsoluble
- Effects
- Organo-chlorides
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