History Germany

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  • Political instability
    • Gov seen as weak and failed to end food shortages
    • Hated by communists, socialists nationalists, army leaders
    • Bolshevik Revolution in Russia Ocober 1917
    • Germans wanted a socialist country to be established
    • Councils set up in October and November 1918
    • Agreement made that army would support gov.
      • Dependancy weakened gov.
    • Sparticist Uprising
      • Groups emerged from German Social Democratic Party
      • Led by Liebknecht and Luxumberg
        • Sought to establish a state with communist ideals
      • December 1918
        • Demonstration led to clashes with the army
          • Led to 16 deaths of Sparticists
      • 6th January 1919
        • Attempted to overthrow Ebert and Weimar gov.
          • Used army and Friekorps to put down rebellion
      • After a few days, leaders killed
      • March - Communist rising in Berlin led to 1000 deaths
    • Kapp Putsch
      • March 1920 - Wiemar announced reductions in army
      • Wolfgang Kapp
        • Planned to seize Berlin to form right wing government
        • Stressed communist threat and severity of Treaty
      • People told by Ebert and Sceidemann to go on strike
      • Trade unionists supported gov.
        • Kapp Putsch collapsed - 400 officers involved - few punished
    • Other Uprisings
      • Occured in Ruhr
        • Hundreds were killed
      • Further violence
        • Left and right wings involved
      • 376 murders between 1919-22
      • Erzberger - Leader of the Centre Party and Rathenau - Foreign Minister
        • Assasinated in 1921
      • November 1923 - Putsch led by Hitler : Final threat

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