Plants
- Created by: emews
- Created on: 26-10-17 15:37
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- Plants
- Photosynthesis
- Light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll
- Absorbed light energy is used to convert carbon dioxide and water into a sugar called glucose
- Oxygen is released as a by-product
- carbon dioxide + water ----> glucose + oxygen
- Factors affecting photosynthesis
- Light intensity
- Carbon dioxide concentration
- Temperature
- Amount of water
- Leaf structure
- Stuctured to carry out photosynthesis effectively
- A leaf needs:
- A way to transport water to the leaf, and glucose to the other parts of the plant.
- A way to exchange carbon dioxide and oxygen
- The ability to absorb light energy efficiently
- Features and functions
- Large surface area to maximise light absorption
- Thin for short diffusion distance
- Thin waxy cuticle to protect the leaves without blocking out the light
- Thin transparent epidermis to allow light to reach the palisade cells
- Mineral ions
- Plants need minerals for a healthy growth
- Absorbed through the roots by active transport as mineral ions dissolved in the soil water
- Magnesium and nitrate
- Magnesium ions and nitrate ions are needed by plants
- Mineral ion
- Magnesium is needed to make chlorophyll. If there isn't enough then the leaves turn yellow
- Nitrate is needed to make amino acids. If there isn't enough then it will stop the plant from growing
- Nitrogen fertilisers
- Fertilisers are used to replace minerals used by plants.
- They provide plants with water-soluble sources of nitrogen that they can absorb through their roots.
- Allow farmers to increase the yield and quality of their crops.
- Overuse can cause problems. Eutrophication happens when excess nitrate enters rivers or lakes from fields. This can lead to the death of aquatic animals
- Photosynthesis
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