Plant Oils
- Created by: jaaaz_v
- Created on: 06-04-15 15:42
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- Plant Oils
- Extraction
- Fruits, seeds and nuts can contain lots of oils
- 1:The plant material is crushed
- 2: the crushed material is pressed between metal plates to squash the oil out
- 3: The oils can be separated from the plant materials in a centrifuge
- Alternatively, solvents can be used to separate the oil from plant materials
- The oils can be distilled, to remove impuritiies and refine the oil
- Uses / Properties
- They're often used in food
- Have high energy content so they provide us with lots of energy
- Contain lots of nutrients
- Contain essential fatty acids that the body needs
- Higher boiling points than water so can cook foods at higher temperatures and faster speeds
- Oil can carry flavours in food, making it seen more intense
- Unsaturated / Unsaturated
- Unsaturated oils contain c=c double bonds
- Monounsaturated oils contain one c=c bond
- Polyunsaturated oils contain more than one c=c bond
- Unsaturated oils decolourise bromine water, because the bromine opens up the double bond,
- When unsaturated oils are hydrogenated they're hardened
- Unsaturated oils are hardened by reacting them with hydrogen in the presence of a nickel catalyst at 60°
- In hydrogenation the hydrogen reacts with the double bonded carbons and opens up the double bond
- Hydrogenated oils are solid at room temperature because they have higher melting points than normal oils
- Saturated fats are less healthy than unsaturated fats
- Extraction
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