Fluid and celestial mechanics
- Created by: Acacia Sheppard
- Created on: 14-12-14 20:24
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- Physics 110 - fluid and celestial mechanics
- Celestial mechanics
- Kepler's Laws
- 1. All planets move in elliptical orbits with the sun at one focus
- Speed changes, both tangential and radial velocity change
- 2. A planet sweeps out equal areas in equal amounts of time
- Planets move faster close to the sun
- 3. The square of the orbital period is proportional to the cube of the semi major axis
- The smaller the velocity, the larger the orbit
- 1. All planets move in elliptical orbits with the sun at one focus
- Newtons AHA moment: Everything in the universe follows a set of rules.
- F =?Gm1m2 /r^2
- Simplifies when on earth to F=-mg
- Universal gravitation
- Pulls any two masses together
-
F =?Gm1m /r^2
- Only works for objects that can be treated as point masses
-
F =?Gm1m /r^2
- Pulls any two masses together
- Gravitational Potential energy
-
U = ? Gm1m2 /r
- ugh near earth
- Conservation of energy- escape speed.
- NOT mass dependent
- To get a higher orbit a spec craft must lose energy
- Gravitational slingshots!
-
U = ? Gm1m2 /r
- Kepler's Laws
- Fluids
- Fluid- something that flows
- Viscosity
- Density
- Pressure
- Force per unit area
- Non uniform, greater at the bottom than the top due to extra weight
- Can use gravity to drive fluid flow
- Hydrostatics
- Hydrostatic equilibrium
- Pressure is constant throughout a system
- Pascal: An increase in pressure is felt throughout the system
- Hydraulic press- fluid equivalent to lever
- Mechanical advantage
- Hydrostatic equilibrium
- Can be Newtonian or non- Newtonian. Non Newtonian is 'rheology, study of flow of matter.
- Two regimes due to drag:
- Ideal fluids, viscosity not importan
- High Re, inertia dominates, NS eq not time reversible, turbulent flow
- Viscous fluids
- Low Re, thick, small speed, small length scale, NS eq time reversible, laminar flow regime.
- Archimedes principle- buoyant force
- Ideal fluids, viscosity not importan
- Flow
- Conservation mass- continuity equation.
- Bernoulli (high Re)
- Low speed- high pressure
- High speed- low pressure
- Poiseuille flow- low Re
- Fluid- something that flows
- Celestial mechanics
- F =?Gm1m2 /r^2
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