Physical Examination
- Created by: emelem
- Created on: 21-01-17 17:04
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- Physical Examination
- Percussion
- Diagnostic technique is when the GP will put one or two fingers against patients body and tap the fingers with the other hand/listening to the sound
- Hollow sound means lung clear of fluid Dull or muffled sound means fluid present
- Lungs and Stomach
- Use of a stethoscope
- channels sounds via a metal dish along two tubes to ears. No amplification is needed plus it eliminates background noise.
- Heart Arteries Digestive system Lungs
- breathing loud/noisy/abnormal If airways obstructed or if excess fluid in lungs
- Palpation
- Feeling a patients body with fingers to detect abnormalities in organs
- Swelling Tumours Heat
- It can also be used to see if a patient feels pain if the organ is subjected to slight pressure.
- Reflex Testing
- carried out on a relaxed leg where weight of leg is supported by thigh. Point below knee (patella) is tapped with rubber hammer.
- , sends nerve impulse to spinal cord Triggers another nerve impulse from spinal cord which triggers thigh muscle to contract Result is the leg jerks up!
- If no reaction, could indicate damage to knee or spinal cord
- Measuring Tempreratute
- Normal 37 degrees. 39 degrees indicates fever which is linked to the flu and meningitis
- Electronic, Infra red , clinical mercury thermometer
- placed under arm,mouth rectum or in ear
- Measuring Blood pressure
- Blood pressure is when blood is pumped around the body, as the blood moves it pushes against the sides of the blood vessls
- Hypertension = high
- risk of stroke, heart attack and kidney disease
- Hypotention = low
- sign of diabetes
- Sphygmomanometer
- Hollow cufff placed just above elbow
- Pump inflates cuff to stop pulse, restricting arterial blood flow to the hand
- A tube attached to the cuff leads to a pressure gauge
- Stethoscope on the arm below cufff
- Air is let out and GP listens. Pulse is heard when blood pressure is about to force through compressed artery
- Systolic reading in taken (pressure of the blood when your heart pushes it out)
- GP lets more out until sound of the pulse disappears. A diastolic reading is taken (the pressure of blood when your heart rests in between beats)
- Systolic: Normal ranges from 80-130 (mmHg)
- Diastolic Normal ranges from 50-85 (mmHg)
- GP lets more out until sound of the pulse disappears. A diastolic reading is taken (the pressure of blood when your heart rests in between beats)
- Systolic reading in taken (pressure of the blood when your heart pushes it out)
- Air is let out and GP listens. Pulse is heard when blood pressure is about to force through compressed artery
- Stethoscope on the arm below cufff
- A tube attached to the cuff leads to a pressure gauge
- Pump inflates cuff to stop pulse, restricting arterial blood flow to the hand
- Hollow cufff placed just above elbow
- Visual Examination
- used to visually assess parts of the body by looking for abnormal color, shape, size, texture etc.
- Some patients may need to undress to aid examination and may find this embarrassing.
- Percussion
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