PHysical Chemistry Calculations Year 1
- Created by: xoxoxox
- Created on: 25-01-18 21:10
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- Physical Chemistry- Calculations Year 1
- Chemical Formulae
- Acids
- HCL
- HNO3
- H2SO4
- H3PO4
- Covalent compounds have mono-/di-/tri- prefix for # O2
- E.g. NO2
- Ammonia molecule (NH3) vs PART of compound (NH4)
- NH4 (+)
- ALL elements have same # molecules in a mole
- MONOatomic Elements (NO COMPOUNDS are monoatomic)
- Helium
- Group 0
- Difficult charges
- Ag+ for silver
- Zn 2+
- N3 (-) AZIDE
- NH4 (+)
- CO3 (2-)
- N (3-) for Nitride
- SO4 (2-)
- PO4 (3-)
- Acids
- #molecules= AVAGRADRO CONSTANT x MOLES
- ALL elements have same # molecules in a mole
- MASS=MR x MOLE
- AVAGADRO = MOLE/ MASS
- #molecules= AVAGRADRO CONSTANT x MOLES
- WATCH MOlAR ratios
- MASS=MR x MOLE
- AVAGADRO = MOLE/ MASS
- WATCH MOlAR ratios
- BALANCING EQUATIONS
- Same CHARGE both side
- NO matter made/ detroyed
- ONLY change molar ratio NOT formulae
- BALANCING EQUATIONS
- WATCH MOlAR ratios
- Ar= (AVG. MASS of atom) / 1/12th MASS of carbon 12-atom
- AVAGADRO = MOLE/ MASS
- BALANCING EQUATIONS
- Same CHARGE both side
- NO matter made/ detroyed
- ONLY change molar ratio NOT formulae
- MASS=MR x MOLE
- #molecules= AVAGRADRO CONSTANT x MOLES
- Ar= (AVG. MASS of atom) / 1/12th MASS of carbon 12-atom
- AVAGADRO = MOLE/ MASS
- LIMITING REAGENTS
- !) Mole of each?2) multple by other molar ratio and divide by own, for both3) Decipher which limiting, and use these moles to find out mass of reactant produced
- BACK TITRATIONS
- IF ANALYTE:1)insoluble (e.g. CaCO3)2)not clear end point3)slow rate of reaction4)volatile
- HOW TO ANALYSE:(1)moles of base from 25cm3 pippette(2) moles of HCl using titre value(3)Scale up Hcl moles to full solution(4)Moles HCl begun(5) minus orignal and scales up titre(6)MASS=MR x Mole
- MASS % Error: sum of (concentration / volume) of each equipment
- Equipment Error %: Error/ Volume x 100
- MOLES OF SOLUTE = Conc. x VOLUME OF SOLUTION
- IONIC EQUATIONS
- 1) BALANCE (2) write soluble (ALL AQUEOUS and nitrates) as ions (3) CANCAL ions on both sides
- THERMAL DECOMPOSITION
- MgSO4.xH2O--> MgSO4 + xH2O
- Chemical Formulae
- 3SF unless stated
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