Homeostasis - Introduction

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  • Homeostasis
    • Maintaining stable conditions within the body through feedback/forward, keep body at set point
      • Steps of controlling set point
        • 1.Sensor detects signal 2.Afferent signalling pathway      3.Integrator  4.Efferent signalling pathway       5.Effector producing response
      • Types of feedback/forward
        • negative feedback
          • Response counteracts the initial fluctuation
        • Positive feedback
          • Response magnifies a process or increases its output
        • Feedforward
          • anticipates change
    • Internal environments regulated
      • nutrient concentration
      • gases
      • Waste products
      • pH
      • water balance
      • Volume and pressure
      • Temperature
    • Homeostasis control system
      • interconnected network of cells/tissues that operate to maintain internal constancy
    • Acclimatization
      • physiological adjustment to a change in an environmental factor
    • Circadian rhythm
      • physiological clock of about 24hrs that is present and persists even in absence of external cues
    • Local homeostatic responses
      • responses acting in immediate vinicity of stimulus, without nerves or hormones. Has net effect of counteracting stimulus

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