Particles
- Created by: weronikapalka
- Created on: 30-10-16 12:52
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- Particles
- Photons
- Elromagnetic waves are emited by a changed particle when it loses energy.
- It can happen when a fsst moving electron is stopped (for example, in an X-ray tube) or slows down or changes directioins
- It can also happen when an electron in a shell of an atom moves to a different shell of lower energy
- Electromagnetic waves are emitted as short bursts of waves, each burst leaving the source in a different direction.
- Each burt is a packet of electomagnetic waves and is refered to as a photon
- The photoelectrical effect is the emission of electrons from a metal surface when light is directed at the surface
- Photon energy E=hf where h is Planks constant (1.63x10^-34)
- A laser beam consists of photons of the same frequency. The power of a laser beam is the energy per second transferred by the photons. For a beam consisting of photons of frequency f, The Power Of Beam= nhf where n is the number of photons passing through a fixed point
- Particles and Antiparticles
- Every particle has an antiparticle
- For every corresponding particle there is an antiparticle that annihilates the particle and itself if they meet, converting their total mass into a photon.
- For every corresponding particles there is an antiparticle that has exactly the same rest mass as the particle
- For every type of particle there is a corresponding antiparticle that has exactly opposite charge to the particle if the particle has a charge
- Annihilation- when a particle and antiparticle meat their mass is converted into radiation energy and produce 2 virtual gamma photons are produce
- Pair productio- where a gamma photon has aenough energy to produce a particle and an antiparticle
- A photon with less energy could not create a electron and positron
- E=mc^2
- Fundamental forces
- Electromagnetic force
- Infanet range
- Exchange particle = gamma photon
- Attraction (like a bumerang)
- Weak nuclear force
- involved inthe decay of neutrons into protons and Beata- and protons decaying into a neutrino and Beata+
- A neutrino can interact with a neutron and cause it to change into a proton and emit Beata-
- An antineutrino can interact with a proton and change into a neutron and emit a Beata+
- Gravitational Force
- Infanet range
- Graviton Beata+ or Beata-
- Particle which (is in between planets) works on a bumerang effect because they cannot be repulsive, they always atract
- Strong nuclear force
- Gluon (stick together)
- Neutron Proton Quarks (carry charge)
- Gluon (stick together)
- Electromagnetic force
- Photons
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