parasocial relationships ao3

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  • Parasocial relationships AO3
    • What these theories leave out...
      • role of individual differences
      • intelligence and education
    • Methodological problems
      • CAS
        • Encourages socially desirable answers
      • likert scale
        • problem with ordinal scale
        • different people interpret the ratings differently
      • self report measures
      • correllations
        • NO CAUSE AND EFFECT
    • Other variables
      • social learning
        • pay attention to celebs
          • Presented as role models
            • forced to show interest
      • evolutionary psychology
        • looking up to/ imitating others could have had a powerful advantage
        • Douglas 2003
          • Intelligent thing to pay attention to celebs
        • Observe + copy is less risky than trial and error
          • Prestige hypothesis
            • Ancestors benefited from copying the successful
        • Humans evolved various behaviourist cognitive modules for cooperating and manipulating others
          • social intelligence
          • gained survival advantage
          • small hunter gathering groups
            • mass media
    • research into celeb stalking is beginning to support the theoretical hypothesis
      • Pathology of attachment
        • early childhood and disruptions
        • major loss in adulthood prior to stalking
      • increased levels of RSR
        • likely to have poorer mental health: depression, anxiety, social dysfunction
      • linked: personality disorders + severe mental disorders
    • Strongest predictors of PSRs = poor mental health and difficulties with relationships
      • But neither absorption-addiction or the attachment explanations are adequate for explaining the lowest levels of CAS
    • entertainment - social levels of interest
      • majority of celebs interest = fun, harmless
      • promote productive social relationships
      • serve as buffer against everyday stressors
      • Best explanation = positive active view
        • good for pathological health
    • Insecure attachment style
      • does predict individuals who believe stalking is okay
      • very intense PSRs
      • not indication of attachment to celeb
    • positive and negative consequences
      • entertainment + social reasons
        • happy
        • outgoing
        • optimistic
      • personal reasons / borderline pathological
        • impulsive
        • antisocial
        • depressed
        • solitary
        • anxious

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